A female child, aged 6 years, was attacked with slight fever on the 2nd July, 1940. Her temperature came down to normal next day. But it rose to 102.5 ?F. at night and came down to 99?F. on the following day (4th July). Malignant tertian malaria parasites were found in the blood and 6 grains of quinine bihydrochloride were injected intramuscularly. Another injection of quinine was given in the ...

Worldwide pollution of soils, rivers, streams and lakes from anthropogenic activities has been one the most crucial environmental problems since beginning 20th century. In Santa, increasing use agrochemicals is disturbing, as farmers have little or no idea about application techniques effects these chemicals on environment. The objective this work was to determine knowledge pesticides fertilize...

In this thesis, mechanistic and synthetic studies on transformations of Hphosphonates into DNA analogues containing P-S or P-C bonds are described. Configurational stability of dinucleoside H-phosphonates and the stereochemical course of their sulfurisation in the presence of 1,8diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) were investigated. In light of these studies, the reported stereoselective sulfu...

Liposome encapsulation technology has been used to entrap aqueous calcium salts within dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine lipid vesicles, which were then used to form calcium phosphate minerals. The calcium encapsulation efficiency was found to depend upon a number of factors that included calcium salt concentration, vesicle size, lipid concentration, and method of vesicle preparation. Removal of u...

Electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) was applied for the characterization of inorganic polyphosphates [orthophosphate, pyrophosphate, tripolyphosphate, trimetaphosphate, and tetrapolyphosphatel. The high selectivity of ESI-MS allows the detection of different polyphosphate species without preseparation by ion chromatography or capillary electrophoresis. Furthermore, ESI-MS does no...

A reliable geochemical paleo-indicator for phosphorus remains elusive, despite the importance of understanding historical changes in the nutrient status of aquatic ecosystems. We assessed the potential of phytate (salts of mvo-inositol hexakisphosphate) as a novel phosphorus-specific paleoindicator by measuring its concentrations in dated sediments from an embayment in Helsinki, Finland, with a...

Some soluble phosphate salts, heavily used in agriculture as highly effective phosphorus (P) fertilizers, cause surface water eutrophication, while solid phosphates are less effective in supplying the nutrient P. In contrast, synthetic apatite nanoparticles could hypothetically supply sufficient P nutrients to crops but with less mobility in the environment and with less bioavailable P to algae...

The adsorptive properties of synthetic calcium phosphates analogous to bone mineral were examined with respect to cisplatin and risedronate, two biological active drugs; the uptake and release experiments were carried out under various conditions in order to understand the basic mechanism of interaction. The effect of temperature and solution composition were highlighted and discussed. The adso...

A knowledge of the amount,s of sodium salts in tissues and biological fluids is of considerable importance in reaching an understanding of the physiological r61e of inorganic substances. However, an adequate study of the variations in the amount of sodium in blood, for instance, under different physiological and pathological conditions would be difficult if not impossible by methods1 now in use...