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Future mission plans for the space program call for complex autonomous systems that must be able to perform with high levels of reliability. Features of proposed missions include wide-scale distribution of agents, partial observability, and interaction between large numbers of active platforms. These domain features prove to be difficult for traditional planning algorithms. We are developing a ...

This paper illustrates the use of distributional techniques, as investigated in computational semantics, for supplying data from large-scale corpora to areas of the humanities which focus on the analysis of concepts. We suggest that the distributional notion of ‘characteristic context’ can be seen as evidence for some representative tendencies of general discourse. We present a case study where...

The philosophical relevance of experimental psychology is hard to dispute. Much more controversial is the so-called negative program’s critique of armchair philosophical methodology, in particular the reliance on ‘intuitions’ about thought experiments. This chapter responds to that critique. It argues that, since the negative program has been forced to extend the category of intuition to ordina...

This article represents an opinion by Robert Shulman, who as all know is one of the most senior scientists in the field of neuroenergetics, having made major contributions to field of NMR applied to biology. Robert Shulman is also a deep thinker in the exploration of the relationships between brain activity and mental life. We feel that this personal view on the role that metabolic and vascular...

Since its introduction, multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA), or ‘neural decoding’, has transformed the field of cognitive neuroscience. Underlying its influence is a crucial inference, which we call the decoder’s dictum: if information can be decoded from patterns of neural activity, then this provides strong evidence about what information those patterns represent. Although the dictum is a wi...

Ordinary people often make moral judgments that are consistent with philosophical principles and legal distinctions. For example, they judge killing as worse than letting die, and harm caused as a necessary means to a greater good as worse than harm caused as a side-effect (Cushman, Young, & Hauser, 2006). Are these patterns of judgment produced by mechanisms specific to the moral domain, or do...

In this article we argue that philosophy can facilitate improvement in cross-disciplinary science. In particular, we discuss in detail the Toolbox Project, an effort in applied epistemology that deploys philosophical analysis for the purpose of enhancing collaborative, cross-disciplinary scientific research through improvements in cross-disciplinary communication. We begin by sketching the scie...