Paralysis in man and the domestic fowl caused by "ToCP" (tri-cresyl phosphate, tri-tolyl phosphate or TTP) is reviewed, and the search for a non-toxic plasticizer derived either from TTP or tri-xylenyl phosphate (tri-dimethylphenyl phosphate or TXP) is described. It had been previously shown that the ortho-tolyl esters are toxic but we found that their removal does not make the mixture non-toxi...

alpha-Diphenylphosphinoyl ketones are selectively and sequentially alkylated at the alpha-position. Double lithiation and selective alkylation occurs at the less stabilised gamma-position. Dephosphinoylation of the alkylation products gives ketones. Mono-alkylation is selective, highly crystalline intermediates are formed and a one-pot strategy is possible. The method is ideally suited for the ...

A concise synthetic strategy has been developed for the synthesis of the macrolactone core 2 of a unique polyketide callyspongiolide 1. The key features of the strategy included an Evan's asymmetric alkylation, diastereoselective Michael type alkylation, Brown's asymmetric allylation reaction, an allylic alkylation of an activated Z-allylic alcohol and an intramolecular Z-selective intramolecul...

Alkylating agents are commonly used to treat cancer. Although base excision repair (BER) is a major pathway for repairing DNA alkylation damage, under certain conditions, the initiation of BER produces toxic repair intermediates that damage healthy tissues. The initiation of BER by the alkyladenine DNA glycosylase (AAG, a.k.a. MPG) can mediate alkylation-induced cytotoxicity in specific cells i...

The alkylating potential of beta-propiolactone (BPL), beta-butyrolactone (BBL), gamma-butyrolactone, and delta-valerolactone, which can be formed by the in vivo nitrosation of primary amino acids, was investigated kinetically. The nucleophile NBP, 4-(p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine, a trap for alkylating agents, was used as an alkylation substrate. The alkylation reactions were performed under mimicked ...

'The development of a new, direct method for the preparation of dibenzo[a,e]cycloocta-1,5-dienes from phenylacetaldehyde by a double ortho Friedel-Crafts alkylation is described. When benzaldehyde (2b) is treated with trimethylsilyl iodide (3), a,n-diiodotoluene (6) is formed in high yield via the intermediacy of a-iodobenzyl trimethylsilyl ether (4b). Treatment of phenylacetaldehyde (%a) with ...

The current article reports theoretical studies (DFT: B3LYP/6-31CG(d)) on the structure and alkylation reactions of the anions of some secondary N-nitrosocarbamates, a class of ambident nucleophiles whose chemistry has been little explored. Several anions (1–4), with an increasing size of the carbamate alkyl (aryl) group were investigated, in an attempt to establish the influence of the size of...