The experimental analysis of the electrical behavior of Phase Change Memory arrays evidenced a seasoning effect both on SET and RESET state. The previous modeling efforts on this issue were addressed only towards RESET operation. This work presents a SET seasoning model implemented within a numerical simulator starting from the extraction of the characteristic erase operation kinetic parameters...

Phase change memory (PCM), which exploits the phase change behavior of chalcogenide materials, affords tremendous advantages over conventional solid-state memory due to its nonvolatility, high speed, and scalability. However, high power consumption of PCM poses a critical challenge and has been the most significant obstacle to its widespread commercialization. Here, we present a novel approach ...

For semimetals such as bismuth, ultrafast femtosecond laser-excited coherent phonons at laser fluences below the damage threshold have been studied extensively. In this work, we investigate whether or not coherent phonon oscillations contribute to material's permanent damage, or can enhance or suppress such damage. We employed temporally-shaped femtosecond pulses to either enhance or cancel coh...

The effects of anomalous dispersion (resonance) on multiple reflection of x rays and their interference in crystals at atomic absorption edges are studied. Intensity ratios of two inversion-symmetry-related multiple diffractions at or near absorption edges exhibit highly phase-sensitive profiles with strong asymmetric characteristics, unlike those far from the edges. A new resonance perturbatio...

A reflective-type display device based on phase change materials is attractive because of its ultrafast response time and high resolution compared with a conventional display device. This paper proposes and demonstrates a unique display device in which multicolour changing can be achieved on a single device by the selective crystallization of double layer phase change materials. The optical con...

Previous discovery systems have successfully rediscovered known scientific laws . However, they have addressed only limited parts of the empirical discovery task . In this paper we introduce an integrated discovery system (IDS) which addresses many issues of empirical discovery. IDS operates in three stages : taxonomy formation, qualitative discovery, and quantitative discovery. We focus on the...

We used the binaural beat stimulus to study the interaural phase sensitivity of inferior colliculus (IC) neurons in the cat. The binaural beat, produced by delivering tones of slightly different frequencies to the two ears, generates continuous and graded changes in interaural phase. Over 90% of the cells that exhibit a sensitivity to changes in the interaural delay also show a sensitivity to i...