We present an unusual case of peritoneal catheter migration following a ventriculoperitoneal shunt operation. A 7-month-old infant, who had suffered from intraventricular hemorrhage at birth, was shunted for progressive hydrocephalus. The peritoneal catheter, connected to an 'ultra small, low pressure valve system' (Strata®; PS Medical,Gola, CA, USA) at the subgaleal space, was placed into the ...

Background. Indirect methods can be used to provide valuable information about peritoneal structure and function for the indirect analysis of peritoneal membrane. Methods. The focus of this paper will be on the commonly available tools for this purpose. First, the value and clinical relevance of CA125 as a marker of mesothelial cell mass in peritoneal effluent will be evaluated. Thereafter, mon...

Scant data exist for the pharmacokinetics (PK) of ertapenem in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD). The goals of this study were to characterize the PK profile of ertapenem during CAPD, determine the extent of ertapenem penetration into the peritoneal cavity, and quantify the probability of the target attainment (PTA) profile in the serum and peritoneal cavity. A single...

BACKGROUND Bioincompatible peritoneal dialysis fluids (PDFs) cause pathological changes in the peritoneal membrane, related to membrane dysfunction and progressive peritoneal fibrosis. We investigated the effects of Pro-His-Ser-Arg-Asn (PHSRN) peptide, one of the fibronectin cell-binding domains that activates integrins and reinforces wound healing, on peritoneal remodelling in a rat peritoneal...

BACKGROUND Ascites is a common clinical manifestation of advanced liver disease which can be managed with repeated large volume paracentesis. We sought to determine if continuous paracentesis via placement of an indwelling catheter for the management of ascites is safe and effective. METHODS We placed 38 peritoneal drainage catheters in 30 patients for durations ranging from 1-10 days. Patien...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors on peritoneal membrane transport, peritoneal protein loss, and proteinuria in peritoneal dialysis patients. METHODS Fifty-four peritoneal dialysis patients were included in the study. The patients were divided into two groups. Group 1 (n = 34) was treated with angiotensin-converting en...

Peritoneal macrophages, derived from peripheral blood monocytes, are the chief cellular defenders against invasion of the peritoneal cavity by infectious organisms. Monocyte migration into the peritoneal cavity depends upon a coordinated series of adhesive events, utilizing cell surface receptors known as adhesion molecules. In order to better understand the mechanisms of leucocyte infiltration...

Activity of H3K9 histone methyltransferase G9a is reportedly induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) and plays an important role in the progression of cancer and fibrosis. In this study, we investigated whether inhibition of G9a-mediated H3K9 methylation attenuates peritoneal fibrosis in mice and human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMCs). Nonadherent cells of peritoneal dialysis (PD)...

Peritoneal carcinomatosis appears to be the most common pattern of metastasis or recurrence and is associated with poor prognosis in gastric cancer patients. Many efforts have been made to improve the survival in patients with peritoneal metastasis. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy remains a widely accepted strategy in the treatment of peritoneal dissemination. Several phase II-III stu...

Increased peritoneal clearance can compensate for reductions in renal solute removal in patients receiving peritoneal dialysis (PD); however there is abundant evidence to suggest that renal rather than peritoneal clearance contributes to clinical outcomes. We review the evidence investigating the impact of residual renal function (RRF) and peritoneal solute clearances on survival and quality of...