We describe a procedure for preparing fecal samples for determination of volatile fatty acids (VFAs) by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and "high-performance" liquid chromatography (HPLC). The simple, one-step procedure involves only ultrafiltration through a membrane with a molecular-mass cutoff of 3000 Da. As revealed by the GLC chromatograms, ultrafiltration appears to be as effective as ste...

word count: 221 / 250 max. Introduction word count: 644 / 750 max. Discussion word count: 1500 / 1500 max. Abbreviations P450, cytochrome P450; HLM, human liver microsomes; HPLC, high-performance liquid chromatography; IC50, inhibitor concentration producing 50% inhibition; kobs, inactivation rate constant, KI, inactivation binding constant; kinact, maximum inactivation rate constant; LC-MS, li...

glutathione (gsh) is one of the most important antioxidants that plays an essential role in detoxification of reactive oxygen species (ros) which oxidizes to glutathione disulfide (gssg). paraquat (pq), awidely used herbicide, causes pulmonary injury with the productionof ros. excessive ros accumulation as a consequence of pq exposure are frequently targeted by gsh thereby oxidative stress lead...

Chitinases and thaumatin-like proteins are important grape proteins as they have a great influence on wine quality. The quantification of these proteins in grape juices and wines, along with their purification, is therefore crucial to study their intrinsic characteristics and the exact role they play in wines. The main isoforms of these two proteins from Chardonnay grape juice were thus purifie...

Detection of disease often relies on identifying abnormal molecules or imbalanced ratios of normal molecules in body fluids, these being reflections of abnormal metabolism. The study of these molecules and their interactions in both healthy and diseased states aids diagnosis and the monitoring of treatment. To carry out such investigations we need to identify, quantify, and ultimately purify th...

There has been a tendency to discount thin-layer chromatography (TLC) in recent years because of the availability of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods that appeared to offer greater versatility and ease of quantification, amongst other reasons. However, TLC has made a comeback, largely because of the high reproducibility and lower costs of commercial pre-coated plates. It is...

The primary structure of the membranous segment of rabbit liver cytochrome b5 has been determined to be as follows: (Formula: see text), New methods were developed for the separation of peptide fragments. These methods, which are particularly useful for work with hydrophobic peptides, involved gel permeation chromatography and reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using et...

Cauxin is a carboxylesterase-like glycoprotein excreted as a major component of cat urine. Cauxin contains four putative N-glycosylation sites. We characterized the structure of an N-linked oligosaccharide of cauxin using nano liquid chromatography (LC)-electrospray ionization (ESI) and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-QIT-T...

References 1. Green B. Focus on olanzapine. Curr Med Res Opin 1999;15:79–85. 2. Perry JP, Sanger T, Beasley C. Olanzapine plasma concentrations and clinical response in acutely ill schizophrenic patients. J Clin Psychopharmacol 1997;17:442–77. 3. Aravagiri M, Ames D, Wirshing WC, Marder SR. Plasma level monitoring of olanzapine in patients with schizophrenia: determination by high-performance l...

The culture filtrate of Lentinula edodes shows potent antimicrobial activity against the plant pathogenic bacteria Ralstonia solanacearum. Bioassay-guided fractionation was conducted using Diaion HP-20 column chromatography, and the insoluble active compound was not adsorbed on the resin. Further fractionation by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) suggested that the active compounds ...