The striatum projection neurons are striatonigral and striatopallidal medium-sized spiny neurons (MSNs) that preferentially express D1 (D1R) and D2 (D2R) dopamine receptors, respectively. It is generally assumed that these neurons are physically intermingled, without cytoarchitectural organization although this has not been tested. To address this question we used BAC transgenic mice expressing...

The initiation of mammalian puberty and the maintenance of female reproductive cycles are events controlled by hypothalamic neurons that secrete the decapeptide gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH). GnRH secretion is, in turn, controlled by changes in neuronal and glial inputs to GnRH-producing neurons. The hierarchical control of the process is unknown, but it requires coordinated regulation ...

1. Sánchez-Seco MP, Rosario D, Domingo C, Hernández L, Valdés K, Guzmán MG, et al. Generic RT-nested-PCR for detection of fl aviviruses using degenerated primers and internal control followed by sequencing for specifi c identifi cation. J Virol Methods. 2005;126:101–9. DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.01.025 2. Prince HE, Lape-Nixon M, Moore RJ, Hogrefe WR. Utility of the Focus Technologies West Ni...

DeFily, David V., Yasuhiro Nishikawa, and William M. Chilian. Endothelin antagonists block a1-adrenergic constriction of coronary arterioles . Am. J. Physiol. 276 (Heart Circ. Physiol. 45): H1028–H1034, 1999.—We have previously observed that intracoronary administration of the a1-adrenergic agonist phenylephrine (PE) over a period of minutes induced both an immediate and long-lasting (2 h) vaso...

UNLABELLED Whether glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) has insulin-independent effects on glucose disposal in vivo was assessed in conscious dogs by use of tracer and arteriovenous difference techniques. After a basal period, each experiment consisted of three periods (P1, P2, P3) during which somatostatin, glucagon, insulin, and glucose were infused. The control group (C) received saline in P1, P2...

BACKGROUND Several factors have been associated with mortality in the months after PE. Factors associated with short-term clinical deterioration or need for hospital-based intervention are less well known. METHODS We prospectively enrolled consecutive emergency department patients with PE and recorded clinical, biomarker and radiographic data. We assessed hospitalised patients daily to identi...

A new method of Franck–Condon ~FC! factor calculation for nonlinear polyatomics, which includes anharmonicity and Duschinsky rotation, is reported. Watson’s Hamiltonian is employed in this method with multidimensional ab initio potential energy functions. The anharmonic vibrational wave functions are expressed as linear combinations of the products of harmonic oscillator functions. The Duschins...

BACKGROUND Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are important causes of morbidity and mortality. The levels of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) in pregnancy may implicate their possible role in pregnancy-induced hypertension. This study assessed serum Ca2+ and Mg2+ levels in women with PIH (pregnancy-induced hypertension) and PE (pre-eclampsia), compared to that in normal pregnancy. METHODS...

angioma or kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2006;133:553-6. 10. Arai E, Kuramochi A, Tsuchida T, Tsuneyoshi M, Kage M, Fukunaga M, et al. Usefulness of D2-40 immunohistochemistry for differentiation between kaposiform hemangioendothelioma and tufted angioma. J Cutan Pathol. 2006;33: 492-7. 11. Enjolras O, Mulliken JB, Wassef M, Frieden IJ, Rieu PN, Burrows PE, et al. Resi...

Lethal phenotypes of human prostate cancer are characterized by progression to androgen independence, although the mechanisms behind this progression remain unclear. Arsenic is a potential human prostate carcinogen that may affect tumor progression. In this study, we used a prostate cancer cell model in which an immortalized, nontumorigenic human prostate epithelial cell line (RWPE-1) had been ...