an enzyme electrode was developed using the enzyme sulfite oxidase (ec1.8.3.1) immobilized onto pig intestine. hydrogen peroxide produced was monitored amperometrically. all experimental parameters such as ph, temperature, buffer constituent concentration, were thoroughly investigated and optimized when appropriate. the response to sulfite concentration was linear in the range 5.2´10-6 to 1.02´...

Low-energy deposition of neutral Pd(N) clusters (N=2-7 and 13) on a MgO(001) surface F center (FC) was studied by spin-density-functional molecular dynamics simulations. The incident clusters are steered by an attractive "funnel" created by the FC, resulting in adsorption of the cluster, with one of its atoms bonded atop of the FC. The deposited Pd2-Pd6 clusters retain their gas-phase structure...

1. When pDj < pDi, the demand allocation is xDj = min{max{QD(pDj )− θj , QD(pDj )− yS , 0}, yDj}, (A1a) xDi = min{max{QD(pDi)− yDj − θi, QD(pDi)− yDj − yS , 0}, yDi}, (A1b) xS = min{max{QD(pDi)− yDi − yDj , θi},max{QD(pDj )− yDj , θj}, yS}. (A1c) 2. When pD2 = pD1, the demand allocation is xDi = min { max { QD(pDi)− θi 2 , QD(pDi)− yS 2 , QD(pDi)− θi − yDj , QD(pDi)− yS − yDj , 0 } , yDi} , (A2...

The title compound, [Pd2{P(C10H7)2(C10H6)}2Cl2]·2CH2Cl2, shows cyclo-metalation of one naphthalen-1-yl substituent of each of the phosphane ligands to the Pd dimer in a trans orientation; the complete dimer is generated by a centre of inversion. Two dichloro-methane solvent mol-ecules create C-H⋯Cl inter-actions with the metal complex, generating supermolecular layers in the ab plane. Additiona...

The completely N1-selective Pd-catalyzed arylation of unsymmetric imidazoles with aryl halides and triflates is described. This study showed that imidazoles have a strong inhibitory effect on the in situ formation of catalytically-active Pd(0)-ligand complex. The efficacy of the N-arylation reaction was improved drastically by the use of pre-activated solution of Pd2(dba)3 and L1. From these fi...

In order to explore the mechanism of action of vanadyl sulfate (VOSO4), previously described as an antidiabetic and antihypertensive agent, we have investigated the role of calcium and tyrosine phosphorylation in the contractile responses of rat aorta or skinned rabbit mesenteric artery rings. VOSO4 induced a concentration-dependent contraction of aorta (pD2 = 3.2), which was potentiated by end...

Teucrium polium L. (Lamiaceae) is used in the traditional medicine of Iran for the treatment of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract. The essential oil from the aerial parts of T polium was assessed for antispasmodic activity and compared with the effect of atropine and dicyclomine. Acetylcholine and KC I were used for induction of contraction on rat isolated ileum. Teucrium polium essen...

[reaction: see text] The 1-fluoro-1-haloalkenes undergo Pd-catalyzed Negishi cross-couplings with primary alkylzinc bromides to give multisubstituted fluoroalkenes. The alkylation was trans-selective giving pure Z-fluoroalkenes in most cases. The highest yields were obtained with Pd2(dba)3 and PdCl2(dppb) catalysts but the best stereochemical outcome was obtained with less reactive Pd(PPh3)4. T...