PCR-mediated chromosome splitting (PCS) was developed in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. It is based on homologous recombination and enables division of a chromosome at any point to form two derived and functional chromosomes. However, because of low homologous recombination activity, PCS is limited to a single site at a time, which makes the splitting of multiple loci laborious and time-co...

Introduction: Purkinje Cell (PC) output displays a complex firing pattern consisting of high frequency sodium spikes and low frequency calcium spikes, and disruption in this firing behavior may contribute to cerebellar ataxia. Riluzole, neuroprotective agent, has been demonstrated to have neuroprotective effects in cerebellar ataxia. Here, the spectral analysis of PCs firing in control, 3-acety...

Reliable activation of inhibitory pathways is essential for maintaining the balance between excitation and inhibition during cortical activity. Little is known, however, about the activation of these pathways at the level of the local neocortical microcircuit. We report a disynaptic inhibitory pathway among neocortical pyramidal cells (PCs). Inhibitory responses were evoked in layer 5 PCs follo...

In this study, we imaged the differentiation and migratory behavior of nascent plasma cells (PCs) in mouse lymph nodes by intravital microscopy. Pre-PCs exhibited a unique migration pattern characterized by long, linear paths that were randomly oriented. Although chemotaxis via Galphai coupled-receptors has been implicated in PC migration, treatment with Pertussis toxin (Ptx), which ablates the...

PURPOSE Little information is available regarding the use of patient-controlled sedation (PCS) among elderly patients undergoing operative procedures under local or regional anaesthesia. This prospective, randomized study evaluated the safety of propofol PCS, and the attitude among elderly patients toward self-administration of sedation during cataract surgery. METHODS Prospective, randomized...

Although oral sensory feedback is essential for mastication, whether the cortical activity elicited by oral stimulation is associated with the preferred chewing side (PCS) is unclear. Somatosensory evoked fields were measured in 12 healthy volunteers (6 with the right side as the PCS and 6 with the left side as the PCS) following tongue and hard palate stimulation. Three components were identif...

The gradual hydration of phospholipid films can be effectively probed by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy (cf. part I of this series). The hydration-induced changes observed for lipid IR-absorption bands are probably composed of contributions arising from the effects of both the direct binding of water molecules and the thereby caused conformational changes and phase transitions i...

BACKGROUND There are less data on the clinical and diagnostic imaging characteristics, management, and outcomes of patients with previous cardiac surgery (PCS) presenting with acute type A aortic dissection (AAD). METHODS AND RESULTS In 617 patients with AAD, we evaluated the differences in the clinical characteristics, management, and in-hospital outcomes of the cohorts with and without PCS....

Plasma cells (PCs) have a heterogeneous phenotype in humans. While bone marrow PCs are CD20-CD138+, tonsil PCs are CD20+CD138+/- and peripheral plasmablasts (PBs) are CD20-CD138-. In vitro, PCs are mainly generated by the activation of CD27+ memory B-cells through transient stimulation of CD40, and their phenotype appears similar to that of bone marrow PCs. While CD20 expression is lost at the ...

Background Pain catastrophizing is an exaggerated negative cognitive response related to pain. It is commonly assessed using the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS). Translation and validation of the scale in a new language would facilitate cross-cultural comparisons of the role that pain catastrophizing plays in patient function. Purpose The aim of this study was to translate and culturally ada...