The study of patronage of the arts and architecture during the Mamluk period helps us sharpen the picture that we have of this alien ruling class. At the same time, it illuminates the relationships which existed between the Mamluks, the religious elite, and the rest of the population. In examining the patronage of architecture in the Mamluk period, historians and art historians face a number of...

I am grateful to those interviewed for this article, only some of whom are quoted here; to John Echeverri Gent, Rob Jenkins, Alan Potter, Milan Vaishnav and the editors at EPW for thoughtful written comments; and to colleagues at seminars at Brown University, NYU’s Annual South Asia conference, NYU’s Jordan Center for the Advanced Study of Russia, the University of Stockholm, the American Polit...

This study investigated whether employee training and service quality influence customers’ patronage of satellite products/services companies in the South-South region Nigeria. To do this, 400 questionnaires were administered, out which 373 completely retrieved found usable. Data obtained survey analysed using descriptive inferential statistical tools. Findings indicated that there is a signifi...

starting his intellectual life as a precociously young medical practitioner, quṭb al-dīn shīrāzī (634-710 a.h.) was compelled to wander far and wide in his quest for knowledge. recognized and admired as a savant, and enjoying the patronage of key political figures of his era, shīrāzī's activities as a scholar continued even during his appointment as judge in rūm, and while serving as ambas...