Ochronosis or black joints disorder is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by deficiency of homogentisic acidoxidase. Orthopaedic manifestations are common and mostly involve spine and large joints such as knee and hip.Arthropathy is progressive and will eventually leads to arthroplasty. Not being familiar with this disorder might lead todevastating complications. We present a 57 year-ol...

Letters Giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath-an unusual cause for lockinG of the knee joint. Editor, Locking of the knee is a common presentation at orthopaedic outpatient departments. These patients normally require magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where there is a clinical suspicion of a soft tissue lesion. The most common lesions are meniscal tears and typically present with associated pai...

Letters Giant cell tumour of the tendon sheath-an unusual cause for lockinG of the knee joint. Editor, Locking of the knee is a common presentation at orthopaedic outpatient departments. These patients normally require magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) where there is a clinical suspicion of a soft tissue lesion. The most common lesions are meniscal tears and typically present with associated pai...

INTRODUCTION The moment arm (ma) of a tendon is a crucial quantity for understanding musculoskeletal dynamics as it defines how the linear force within a muscle is transformed into a torque. For most tendons this is a fairly well established parameter as it can be defined from the kinematics of the tendons’ origins, insertions, and/or wrapping points. Yet, for the quadriceps this relationship i...

We retrospectively reviewed the operative treatment carried out between 1988 and 1994 of eight patients with habitual patellar dislocation. In four the condition was bilateral. All patients had recurrent dislocation with severe functional disability. The surgical technique involved distal advancement of the patella by complete mobilisation of the patellar tendon, lateral release and advancement...

The primary function of the patella is to increase the effi cacy of the quadriceps muscle by elevating the extensor mechanism from the knee’s axis of rotation.1 This provides a mechanical advantage by increasing the moment arm, thus allowing the knee to tolerate the substantial forces required by activities such as walking, rising from a chair, or jumping.1 This mechanism is often disrupted in ...

BACKGROUND The prevalence of patellar tendinopathy is elevated in elite soccer compared to less explosive sports. While the burden of training hours and load is comparably high in youth elite players (age < 23 years), little is known about the prevalence of patellar tendinopathy at this age. There is only little data available on the influence of age, the amount of training, the position on the...

The synovial intima is composed of two types of synoviocytes: absorptive macrophages and secretory, fibroblast-like F cells. Many studies have tried to observe synoviocytes by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) but failed to reveal the entire shape of synoviocytes because they are deeply embedded in the interstitial matrix. The present study, primarily employing SEM observation of NaOH macerate...

This article reviews the clinical entity of medial patellar subluxation, including relevant anatomic and biomechanical factors. Most cases of medial patellar subluxation occur as a late complication of lateral retinacuiar release. Symptoms include pain, disability, crepitus, and intermittent swelling. Clinical signs include subluxation of the patella with manual medial glide, an observable defe...

Spontaneous ruptures of the quadriceps tendon are infrequent injuries, it is seen primarily in patients with predisposing diseases such as gout, rheumatoid arthritis and chronic renal failure. A 32-year-old man had a history of end stage renal disease and received regular hemodialysis treatment for more than 5 years. He was admitted in our service for total functional impotence of the right low...