Sugar spraying can cause induced plant resistance. In this study we investigated the effects of sugar spraying on the resistance to western flower thrips, WFT, Frankliniella occidentalis on tomato. We tested three different sugars: sucrose, fructose and glucose, at four concentrations: 0, 1, 10 and 100 ppm, to induce resistance of the cultivated tomato (var. Moneymaker). Bioassays conducted 2 w...

The effects of different application technologies were evaluated on the concentration, viability, and effi ciency of infective juveniles of the nematodes Heterorhabditis indica Poinar, Karunakar & David and Steinernema sp. (IBCB-n6) to control Spodoptera frugiperda Smith on corn plants. Two hundred and eighty infective juveniles of Steinernema sp. were required to kill 100% third-instar fall ar...

Hypochlorous acid (HOCl) solutions were evaluated for their virucidal ability against a low pathogenic avian influenza virus (AIV), H7N1. HOCl solutions containing 50, 100 and 200 ppm chlorine (pH 6) or their sprayed solutions (harvested in dishes placed at 1 or 30 cm distance between the spray nozzle and dish) were mixed with the virus with or without organic materials (5% fetal bovine serum: ...

Norovirus is the most common cause of viral foodborne illness worldwide. A new study suggests that contaminated water used to dilute or reconstitute agricultural pesticides may be one way the virus is entering the food supply. Farmers mix pesticides with water from sources including wells, irrigation ditches, rivers, and lakes. All these water sources have been known to harbor norovirus. Until ...

Here we report a novel approach for preparation of a 6-day transdermal drug delivery system (TDDS) as treatment for mild to moderate Alzheimer’s disease. The spray drying method was used to prepare microparticles containing the anti-Alzheimer drug. The content of the drug was determined by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) method. The morphology and size range of the microparticles ...

to study effect of fe and zn spraying on some characteristics of mungbean, an experiment was designed as factorial based on randomized complete block with three replications in urmia university, 2012. treatments were nutrition systems (organic, chemical, integrated and no nutrition) and micronutrients (fe, zinc, no foliar application and water spraying). the plant height, pod length, number of ...

the support vector machine (svm) is a relatively new machine learning method which is increasingly being applied to engineering problems and have yielded encouraging results. because of complex behavior of elastoplastic of web panels of plate girders under patch loading, almost none of the proposed methods provides consistent and accurate predictions of patch load capacity. consequently, altern...

An experiment was conducted in order to evaluate the effects of Se spraying on yield and growth indices of wheat under drought stress condition, in agriculture and natural resource research center of Tehran province in 2011-12. A split plot layout within randomized complete block design with three replications were used. main plots were three irrigation treatments (normal irrigation, non-irriga...

the objective of the present study is to investigate the impact of spraying boric acid on vegetative and reproductive growth of ‘camarosa’ strawberry (fragaria × ananassa duch.). the strawberry plants were sprayed with boric acid at 0 (control), 50 and 100 mg l-1 at 30 days after planting. in general, results indicated that spraying plants with boric acid had a significant effect on yield, frui...