Abstract Fibre reinforced concrete (FRC) is increasingly used for structural purposes owing to its many benefits, especially in terms of improved overall sustainability FRC structures relative traditional (RC). Such increased use requires safe and reliable models design ultimate limit states (ULS). Particularly important are shear strength members without resistance due the potential brittle fa...

Granular materials will segregate by particle size when subjected to shear, as occurs, for example, in avalanches. The evolution of a bidisperse mixture of particles can be modeled by a nonlinear first order partial differential equation, provided the shear (or velocity) is a known function of position. While avalanche-driven shear is approximately uniform in depth, boundary-driven shear typica...

Vascular endothelial cells adapt to changes in blood flow by altering the cell architecture and by producing various substances. We have previously reported that low shear stress induces endothelin 1 (ET-1) expression in endothelial cells and that this induction is mediated by depolymerization of actin fiber. In the present study, we examined the role of Ca2+ and protein kinase C (PKC) in shear...

OBJECTIVE The cysteine proteases, cathepsins, have been implicated in vascular remodeling and atherosclerosis, processes known to be regulated by shear stress. It is not known, however, whether shear regulates cathepsins. We examined the hypothesis that shear stress regulates cathepsin activity in endothelial cells. METHODS AND RESULTS Mouse aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) exposed to atherop...

Turbidity currents in the ocean and lakes are driven by suspended sediment. The vertical profiles of velocity and excess density are shaped by interaction between the current and bed as well as between the current and the ambient water. This paper presents 48 series of experiments in which saline gravity currents flow through a laboratory sinuous flume. flume contains three successive bends wit...

In this paper, the transient response of a viscoelastic annular plate which has time-dependent properties is determined mathematically under dynamic transverse load. The axisymmetric conditions are considered in the problem. The viscoelastic properties obey the standard linear solid model in shear and the bulk behavior in elastic. The equations of motion are extracted using Hamilton’s principle...

Turbidity currents in the ocean and lakes are driven by suspended sediment. The vertical profiles of velocity and excess density are shaped by interaction between the current and bed as well as between the current and the ambient water. This paper presents 48 series of experiments in which saline gravity currents flow through a laboratory sinuous flume. flume contains three successive bends wit...

Leukocyte-endothelium interaction in vivo consists of the rolling of leukocytes along the vascular wall and, under certain conditions, their adherence to endothelial cells. In a rat tumor microcirculation model (mammary adenocarcinoma implanted in rat skinfold window chamber), we demonstrated that this interaction, measured as flux of rolling leukocytes and density of adhering leukocytes, was s...

Rotation and shear flows are an ubiquitous features of many astrophysical and geophysical bodies, playing a crucial role in turbulent transport. To understand the complex dynamics in these systems, we provide a consistent theory of turbulence in the presence of shear and rotation. Starting from a quasi-linear equation for the fluctuating fields, we derive turbulence amplitude and turbulent tran...