background: chronic daily headache (cdh) has gained little attention in functional neuro-imaging. when no structural abnormality is found in cdh, defining functional correlates between activated brain regions during headache bouts may provide unique insights towards understanding the pathophysiology of this type of headache. methods: we recruited four cdh cases for comprehensive assessments, in...

autism spectrum disorder (asd) is a mental condition, present from early childhood, characterized by great difficulty in communicating and forming relationships with others and using language. in the last four decades many studies have shown that immune responses in different regions of brain play an important role in asd pathogenicity. a conservative estimate based on the research suggests tha...

Recent advances in nanoscience have led to the development of numerous methodologiesfor controlled synthesis of mono dispersed nanoparticles and/or nanoclusters via surface stabilization by organic capping ligands. The application of these nanoparticles in catalysis and other fields often requires the removal of organic ligands. It is known that the removal of organic capping agents or or...

Objectives: Major depression and anxiety disorders are common psychiatric disorders among cancer patients and are associated with psychosocial impairment and decreased quality of life. Depressed and anxious cancer patients also experience a more rapid progression of cancer symptoms, increased mortality, more metastasis and pain, and increased medical utilization. Although some research has expl...

the aim of this study was to compare the effect of time of parthenogenetic activation (22 hr versus 27 hr after in vitro maturation-ivm) on in vitro development of ovine oocytes using either single (ionomycin 5 ?m for 5 min or ethanol 7% for 7 min) or combined (ionomycin and ethanol with 6-dmap 2 mm for 3 hr) activation treatments. the abattoir-derived in vitro matured activated oocytes were cu...

Objective(s): So far, extensive research has been conducted on the preparation and characterization of nano ceramics based on Ca-Si by sol- gel method and bioactivity was evaluated, but, a few researches have paid attention to the preparation of materials by mechanical activation (MA). The aim of this study was the preparation of akermanite nano powder by mechanical activ...

more than 30 mineral elements have been found with different key functions in helping plants and animals to survive and live healthy. as a direct result, they have always attracted the attention of scientists. the quest is to find some efficient analytical and quantitative procedures in this study to determine some mineral and trace elements of iranian crocus sativus l. corms. several studies h...

introduction: drug craving could be described as a motivational state which drives drug dependents towards drug seeking and use. different types of self-reports such as craving feeling, desire and intention, wanting and need, imagery of use, and negative affect have been attributed to this motivational state. by using subjective self-reports for different correlates of drug craving along with f...

background: the present study was designed to evaluate the secondary microglial activation processes after spinal cord injury (sci). methods: a quantitative histological study was performed to determine ed-1 positive cells, glial cell density, and cavitation size in untreated sci rats at days 1, 2, and 4, and weeks 1, 2, 3, and 4. results: the results of glial cell quantification along the 4900...

Cancer immunotherapy has gained a lot of interest over the past few years due to the success of immune checkpoint inhibitors in treating cancer (1, 2). Immune checkpoint inhibitors, such as monoclonal antibodies against cytotoxic T-lymphocyte–associated antigen 4 (CTLA-4) and programmed death 1 (PD-1), have been shown to increase survival of patients with advanced cancers (1, 2). These in...