Can we solve the Liar paradox by simply declaring Liar sentences to be false? That is the proposal of Dale Jacquette in (Jacquette, 2007). The Liar paradox arises because apparently we can derive a contradiction from the assumption that the Liar sentence is true, and we can also derive a contradiction from the assumption that it is false. Jacquette argues that the former reasoning (i.e., the de...

In Newcomb’s paradox you choose to receive either the contents of a particular closed box, or the contents of both that closed box and another one. Before you choose, a prediction algorithm deduces your choice, and fills the two boxes based on that deduction. Newcomb’s paradox is that game theory appears to provide two conflicting recommendations for what choice you should make in this scenario...

This essay concerns the question of how we make genuine epistemic progress through conceptual analysis. Our way into this issue will be through consideration of the paradox of analysis. The paradox challenges us to explain how a given statement canmake a substantive contribution to our knowledge, evenwhile it purports merely to make explicit what one’s grasp of the concept under scrutiny consis...

The effects of ischemic preconditioning (IP) on changes in cardiac performance and sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) function due to Ca(2+) paradox were investigated. Isolated perfused hearts were subjected to IP (three cycles of 3-min ischemia and 3-min reperfusion) followed by Ca(2+)-free perfusion and reperfusion (Ca(2+) paradox). Perfusion of hearts with Ca(2+)-free medium for 5 min followed by r...

The friendship paradox is the phenomenon that in social networks, people on average have fewer friends than their friends do. The generalized friendship paradox is an extension to attributes other than the number of friends. The friendship paradox and its generalized version have gathered recent attention due to the information they provide about network structure and local inequalities. In thi...

The most famous epistemic paradox is Fitch’s paradox. In it, Frederic Fitch offered a counterexample to the Principle of Knowability (PK), namely, that any true proposition can be known. His example is the proposition that some proposition is true but not known. This proposition is not paradoxical or contradictory in itself, but contradicts (PK), which many have found appealing. What is really ...

This study examines the role played by Australian human resource (HR) managers in shaping organizational responses to Covid-19 pandemic from perspective of paradox theory. We argue that crisis triggered a ‘societal paradox’ – protecting lives and economy cascaded organizations all types. While studies suggest paradoxes cross levels analysis, little is known regarding societal entailing interdep...

A Hardy-like version of the quantum pigeonhole paradox is proposed, which can also be considered as a special kind Hardy's paradox. Besides an example induced from minimal system, general construction this $n$-qubit state discussed. Moreover, by introducing projected-coloring graph and state, pictorial representation presented. This implemented more directly in experiment than original one, sin...

The principle of indifference is supposed to suffice for the rational assignation of probabilities to possibilities. Bertrand advances a probability problem, now known as his paradox, to which the principle is supposed to apply; yet, just because the problem is ill-posed in a technical sense, applying it leads to a contradiction. Examining an ambiguity in the notion of an ill-posed problem show...