Isolated adult rat hearts perfused in an isovolumic mode were used to study the effects of sodium-potassium pump inhibition and sodium-calcium exchange alterations on the tissue content of adenosine triphosphate, phosphocreatine, inorganic phosphate, and intracellular pH, all measured by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Rates of oxygen consumption, contractile function, an...

Although large doses of epinephrine increase coronary perfusion pressure and flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, epinephrine also increases myocardial oxygen consumption during ventricular fibrillation. To test the hypothesis that epinephrine improves the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, myocardial adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) a...

Chronic pulmonary hypertension is a serious complication of a number of chronic lung and heart diseases. In addition to vasoconstriction, its pathogenesis includes injury to the peripheral pulmonary arteries leading to their structural remodeling. Increased pulmonary vascular synthesis of an endogenous vasodilator, nitric oxide (NO), opposes excessive increases of intravascular pressure during ...

Liver organoids (LOs) are of interest in tissue replacement, hepatotoxicity and pathophysiological studies. However, it is still unclear what triggers LO self-assembly and what the optimal environment is for their culture. Hypothesizing that LO formation occurs as a result of a fine balance between cell-substrate adhesion and cell-cell cohesion, we used 3 cell types (hepatocytes, liver sinusoid...

The facultative anaerobic bacterium Escherichia coli is frequently forced to adapt to changing environmental conditions. One important determinant for metabolism is the availability of oxygen allowing a more efficient metabolism. Especially in large scale bioreactors, the distribution of oxygen is inhomogeneous and individual cells encounter frequent changes. This might contribute to observed y...

Annual net community production (ANCP) in the subtropical Pacific Ocean was determined by using annual oxygen measurements from Argo profiling floats with an upper water column oxygen mass balance model. ANCP was determined to be from 2.0 to 2.4 mol C m 2 yr 1 in the western subtropical North Pacific, 2.4 mol C m 2 yr 1 in the eastern subtropical North Pacific, and near zero in the subtropical ...

Although large doses of epinephrine increase coronary perfusion pressure and flow during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, epinephrine also increases myocardial oxygen consumption during ventricular fibrillation. To test the hypothesis that epinephrine improves the balance between myocardial oxygen supply and demand during cardiopulmonary resuscitation, myocardial adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) a...

Many efforts have been invested in the development of culture strategies for animal cell culture process. Several strategies have been studied: batch, fed-batch and perfusion cultures [1]. For implementation of those strategies, a monitoring system for automated, controlled and optimised processes based on simple measurement could be of great interest. Oxygen is a key substrate in animal cell m...

An investigationi was undertaken to determine the oxygen absorption rates of a submerged culture of Bacillus anthracis at all stages of its growth cycle. The determination of oxygen absorption rates of a pathogenic fermentation such as this by analysis of the exhaust gases seemed to present fewer technical difficulties than did those methods that depended upon polarographic determination of dis...

Purpose of review The aim of this article is to study the overview of pathophysiology and clinical application of central venous oxygen saturation monitoring in critically ill patients and during the perioperative period. Recent findings There are several clinical studies and animal experiments evaluating the effects of goal-directed hemodynamic stabilization on critically ill patients. Recen...