BACKGROUND Exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are characterized by acute enhancement of airway neutrophilic inflammation under oxidative stress and can be involved in emphysema progression. However, pharmacotherapy against the neutrophilic inflammation and emphysema progression associated with exacerbation has not been established. Thioredoxin-1 has anti-oxidative and...

BACKGROUND Novel immunosuppressive therapy facilitates long term allograft survival, but acute tubular necrosis and ischemia-reperfusion during transplantation can compromise allograft function. These processes are related to oxidative stress which activates poly- (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) contributing to the activation of cell death pathways. Here we raised the possibility that PARP inhib...

Poly(ADP-ribose) glycohydrolase (PARG) is the enzyme which degrades poly(ADP-ribose) polymers synthesized by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Both enzymes are activated in response to different stimuli like oxidative stress and are involved in DNA repair processes. The retention of bovine foetal membranes (RFM) is supposed to be connected with oxidative stress conditions. The aim of the stud...

Poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of proteins is a posttranslational modification mediated by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs) that use NAD+ as substrate to form the negatively charged polymer of poly(ADP-ribose) (PAR). After DNA damage, PARP-1 is responsible for approximately 90% of the total cellular PARylation activity. Numerous studies showed activation of PARP-1 in various conditions associated w...

Background The present study aims to examine the oxidative stress-related activation of poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), a cause of parthanatos in circulating mononuclear leukocytes of patients with chronic heart failure (CHF), that was rarely investigated in the human setting yet. Methods Patients with CHF (n = 20) and age- and body mass index-matched volunteers (n = 15) with a normal hea...

Diets rich in fruit and vegetables are associated with a decreased incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) due, part, to the bioactive (poly)phenolic components their microbiota-mediated metabolites. This study investigated how such compounds, derived from ingested raspberries gastrointestinal tract, may exert protective effects by reducing DNA damage. Ileal fluids collected pre- post-consumption ...

background: the role of oxidative stress in endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity has been implicated. this study was performed to evaluate the possible protective effect of vitamins e and c, against endosulfan-induced reproductive toxicity in rats. methods: fifty adult male sprague–dawley rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=10 each). the groups included a control receiving vehicl...

To investigate why Rhizobium sp. (Cicer) strain CC 1192 cells accumulate poly-R-3-hydroxybutyrate in the free-living state but not as bacteroids in nodules on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) plants, we have examined the kinetic properties of acetyl coenzyme A (acetyl-CoA) acetyltransferase (also known as acetoacetyl-CoA thiolase and 3-ketothiolase [EC 2.3.1.9]) from both types of cells. The enzym...

To achieve next-generation lithium metal batteries (LMBs) with desirable specific energy and reliability, the electrolyte shown simultaneously high reductive stability toward anode oxidative high-voltage cathode is of great importance. Here, we report for first time that high-concentration bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI) initiates ring-opening polymerization 1,3-dioxolane in presence ethylene ...

Dry age-related macular degeneration and Stargardt disease undergo a known toxic mechanism caused by carbonyl oxidative stresses (COS). This is responsible for accumulation in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) of A2E, main pyridinium bis-retinoid lipofuscin component. Previous studies have shown that stress cells could be reduced an alkyl-phloroglucinol-DHA conjugate (lipophenol). Here, we p...