Cyclododecane preferentially adopts a square-like geometry, giving rise to corner and edge methylene (CH2) groups, whose hydrogens assume different orientations. In CH2 can be inward- (endo) outward-looking (exo) the ring. Herein, we have quantum-chemically studied replacement of two in cyclododecane with iodines at relative positions 1,4, 1,5, 1,6, 1,7. Intramolecular interactions are only sli...

The inward permeability of the blood-retinal barrier to carboxyfluorescein was determined in 12 cynomolgus monkeys. Probenecid (175 mg/kg), an inhibitor of active outward transport of carboxyfluorescein, did not affect the inward permeability, indicating that the inward permeability is independent of the active outward transport system. However, acetazolamide (20 mg/kg), which causes increased ...

In a spontaneously broken non-abelian gauge theory, charge conjugation can be a local symmetry. That is, the unbroken gauge group H may contain both a U(1) factor generated by Q, and an element X of the disconnected component of H such that XQX ‘= — Q. Such a model contains topologically-stable cosmic strings with a remarkable property — when a charged particle is transported around the string,...

A statistical physics study of punctuation effects on sentence lengths is presented for written texts: Alice in wonderland and Through a looking glass. The translation of the first text into esperanto is also considered as a test for the role of punctuation in defining a style, and for contrasting natural and artificial, but written, languages. Several log-log plots of the sentence length-rank ...