The substantial literature investigating the links between trade, trade policy, and labour market outcomes has generated a number of stylized facts, but many open questions remain. A common fi nding is that much of the shorter-run impacts of trade and reforms involve reallocation of labour or wage impacts within sectors. Wage responses to trade and trade reforms are generally greater than emplo...

An epidemiological and environmental approach is the appropriate starting point to understanding preterm labour. Although there are multiple aetiologies it seems likely that anthropometric and environmental risk factors in combination with inherent genetic susceptibilities contribute to an increased risk of preterm labour for certain women. Poct 2pulation-based studies identifying risk factors ...

Since pathologies and complications occurring during pregnancy and/or during labour may cause adverse outcomes for both newborns and mothers, there is a growing interest in metabolomic applications on pregnancy investigation. In fact, metabolomics has proved to be an efficient strategy for the description of several perinatal conditions. In particular, this study focuses on premature rupture of...

OBJECTIVE To test the hypothesis that it is possible to select a group of low risk women who can start labour in midwife-led care without having increased rates of severe adverse maternal outcomes compared to women who start labour in secondary care. DESIGN AND METHODS We conducted a nationwide cohort study in the Netherlands, using data from 223 739 women with a singleton pregnancy between 3...

This study was conducted to reveal the impact of rural-urban migration on broiler production in the Niger Delta Region of Nigeria. Data were collected from 795 household heads and farmers/managers/supervisors of 25 selected broiler farms in the study area. Descriptive statistics and multiple regression analysis was utilized to analyze the data. Able bodied young men constituted most of the rura...

BACKGROUND Almost one third of women suffer continuous lower back pain during labour. Evidence from three systematic reviews demonstrates that sterile water injections (SWI) provide statistically and clinically significant pain relief in women experiencing continuous lower back pain during labour. The most effective technique to administer SWI is yet to be determined. Therefore, the aim of this...

OBJECTIVE to explore women's experience of using a Snoezelen room during their labour. DESIGN a qualitative exploratory design was conducted to provide insight into the phenomenon of using a Snoezelen room for labouring women and to identify factors that could facilitate or inhibit use of this environment. The constant comparison method modified from the grounded theory methodology was used t...

this article has considered the volume and direction of iran’s trade using the gravity model. the major issue in this analysis is to explore why iran over or under-traded with the 76 countries relative to the predicted trade flows of the model. the study attempts to explore the reasons from the respect of both the model itself and iran’s trade structure. this is done by analysing the performanc...

abstract background and objective: pain relief during labour is an important determinant of a women’s birth experience. there are numerous pain relief techniques which can be used either with or without pain medication. the aim of our study was to compare the effect of remifentanil alone and its effect in pain relief while using with ketamine during labour. methods: after obtaining informed con...