There is at present some confusion about the relative value of clinical trials performed to investigate efficacy vs. those designed to investigate effectiveness. This is particularly challenging when studies performed as experiments for regulators by companies are used to shape and inform clinical practice, especially if studies conducted under more real life conditions fail to support predicte...

Presently in rehabilitation, functional measures arrear to have an unmatched ropularity, both in terms of outcome research and in the develormem of a prospeerive payment system. Outcome research in rehabilitation, which undoubtedly includes the use of funerional measures, has become a rriority for man)' rehabilitation organizations The rress for this research is being fueled by the prospect of ...

OBJECTIVES To assess, in our contemporary radical cystectomy (RC) series, female sexual dysfunction and whether the type of diversion affected the occurrence of sexual dysfunction. Outcome data after RC with and without orthotopic diversion has focused primarily on cure, urethral recurrence, and continence. METHODS The baseline and follow-up data from 27 sexually active female patients (mean ...

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This paper reports on the concurrent validity of the Balance Outcome Measure for Elder Rehabilitation (BOOMER) while investigating balance, mobility, and perceived confidence to undertake daily activities experienced by patients at discharge from an Internal Medicine Unit; and seeks to determine if there are differences between patients discharged to rehabilitation to those discharged to their ...

This study compared the effects of voice hygiene lecture, voice training and Voice Massage on the vocal well-being of 90 functionally healthy Finnish female primary school teachers (mean age 41.1 years, mean teaching experience 15.3 years). In the beginning of the autumn term, the subjects were randomly divided into three groups, (N 30 in each). One of the groups received only a three-hour voic...

PURPOSE To determine the limits of agreement between subjective refraction and autorefraction before and after laser in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) to assess whether autorefraction is a valid refractive outcome measure of refractive surgery. SETTING Ultralase, Leeds, United Kingdom. METHOD The prospective study involved consecutive preoperative normal patients and post-LASIK patients who ha...

This study addressed two self-evaluation questionnaires in investigating the effects of voice hygiene lecture (VHL, 3 h) and additional voice training (VT) or Voice Massage (VM; both 5 h) in 90 female teachers. The subjects assessed their voice quality, ease of phonation and tiredness of throat before and after a working day at the beginning and end of the school term using a visual analogue sc...

Seizure severity emerges as an important aspect of epilepsy. This is most relevant in refractory patients in whom complete remission of seizures is unlikely and reduced seizure severity may be a significant determinant of psychosocial well-being with a consequent improvement in quality of life (QOL). Thus a valid measure of seizure severity can serve both as an indicator of clinical outcome and...