chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (copd) is a condition associated with inflammation in lungs and airways. the impacts of inflammatory process is not limited to respiratory system but extend to extrapulmonary organs with resultant complications involving endocrine, metabolic and cardiovascular systems. the extent and severity of inflammation may be partly estimated by serum measurement of s...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a condition associated with inflammation in lungs and airways. The impacts of inflammatory process is not limited to respiratory system but extend to extrapulmonary organs with resultant complications involving endocrine, metabolic and cardiovascular systems. The extent and severity of inflammation may be partly estimated by serum measurement of s...

background & aim: warm water immersion during labor is associated with relaxation and pain reduction for pregnant women. this method is not extensively used in iran, given the fear of infection and other maternal/neonatal complications. alternative methods are required to increase the safety of normal vaginal delivery. the purpose of this study was to compare maternal and neonatal outcomes, ass...

introduction: tympanoplasty is a standard procedure to repair tympanic membrane perforation. the aim of this study is to evaluate the results of tympanoplasty (hearing improvement and tympanic membrane closure rate) in patients suffering from chronic perforation of the tympanic membrane by considering the prognostic factors.  materials and methods: in a prospective study, based on the results o...

Objective: The aim of this study was to validate the well-recognized outcome measure instruments (Medical Outcome Study Short Form-SF-36, Western Ontario and McMaster University Osteoarthritis Index-WOMAC, McMaster Toronto Arthritis Patient Preference Disability Questionnaire-MACTAR) for patients who had undergone total knee arthroplasty in Iran, with its cultural and ethnic differences and com...

introduction: although many studies have been conducted in the telepathology field in recent years, a systematic review that examines studies in a comparative manner has not yet been undertaken. this paper aims to review the published papers on telepathology projects and compare them in several aspects such as telepathology method,telecommunication method, clinical outcome, etc. methods: pubmed...