The adverse effects of salinity and PEG-induced water stress on growth of Matricaria chamomilla were assessed at the germination stage using osmotic solution of NaCl (0, -0.175, 0.358, -0.541, -0.716 MPa), and polyethylene glycol (PEG 6000) (0, -0.05, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3 MPa), respectively. Effect of NaCl salinity stress (0, 40, 80, 120 and 190 mM NaCl) at early growth stage of chamomile was also ...

While the relationship between intraocular pressure and plasma osmolarity has been investigated during hemodialysis, no research has been published concerning the relationship between intraocular pressure and plasma colloid osmotic pressure during hemodialysis. We describe a patient with neovascular glaucoma who demonstrated a marked decrease in intraocular pressure during hemodialysis. The pat...

Electro-osmotic flow, the driving of fluid at nano- or micro-scales with electric field, has found numerous applications, ranging from pumping to chemical and biomedical analyses in micro-devices. Electro-osmotic flow exhibits a puzzling hysteretic behavior when two fluids with different concentrations displace one another. The flow rate is faster when a higher concentration solution displaces ...

Under high salt conditions, plant growth is severely inhibited due to both osmotic and ionic stresses. In an effort to dissect genes and pathways that respond to changes in osmotic potential under salt stress, the expression patterns were compared of 460 non-redundant salt-responsive genes in barley during the initial phase under osmotic versus salt stress using cDNA microarrays with northern b...

Biochemical changes, specifically in hemocyanin and glucose concentrations in hemolymph, glycogen in the digestive gland, were studied throughout the molt cycle in juveniles of Litopenaeus vannamei in a high salinity condition (36), and related to variations in the osmotic capacity of organisms. Increasing hemolymph volume before molting modifies circulating glucose and hemocyanin concentration...

Water is crucial for crop growth and productivity. Cotton metabolism and yield are compromised under drought conditions, especially at flowering stage. Differences in drought tolerance exist among cultivars but the metabolic reasons for this that could be used to find traits for enhancing drought tolerance have not been clearly elucidated. Under drought stress, osmotic adjustment occurs in plan...