نتایج جستجو برای: osm
تعداد نتایج: 1085 فیلتر نتایج به سال:
Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) projects and their crowdsourced data have been the focus of a number of scientific analyses and investigations in recent years. Oftentimes the results show that the collaboratively collected geodata of one of the most popular VGI projects, OpenStreetMap (OSM), provides good coverage in urban areas when considering particular completeness factors. However...
Striated muscles that enable mouth opening and swallowing during feeding are essential for efficient energy acquisition, and are likely to have played a fundamental role in the success of early jawed vertebrates. The developmental origins and genetic requirements of these muscles are uncertain. Here, we determine by indelible lineage tracing in mouse that fibres of sternohyoid muscle (SHM), whi...
Macrophage-derived oncostatin M contributes to human and mouse neurogenic heterotopic ossifications.
Neurogenic heterotopic ossification (NHO) is the formation of ectopic bone generally in muscles surrounding joints following spinal cord or brain injury. We investigated the mechanisms of NHO formation in 64 patients and a mouse model of spinal cord injury-induced NHO. We show that marrow from human NHOs contains hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) niches, in which mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) an...
Object-substitution masking (OSM) occurs when a briefly presented target in a search array is surrounded by small dots that remain visible after the target disappears. The reduction of target visibility occurring after OSM has been suggested to result from a specific interference with reentrant visual processing while the initial feedforward processing is thought to be left intact. We tested a ...
Web 2.0 enables a two-way interaction between servers and clients. GPS receivers become available to more citizens and are commonly found in vehicles and smart phones, enabling individuals to record and share their trajectory data on the Internet and edit them online. OpenStreetMap (OSM) makes it possible for citizens to contribute to the acquisition of geographic information. This paper studie...
Ontological Sketch Modelling (OSM) is a novel approach to usability evaluation that concentrates on both the user’s conceptual model of the domain and ‘working practices’, and the conceptual model built into a device or a work-system. Analysing the degree of fit between these models can reveal potential problems in learning and use that are not revealed by existing HCI approaches. We show how O...
Regular physical activity protects against the development of breast and colon cancer, since it reduces the risk of developing these by 25-30%. During exercise, humoral factors are released from the working muscles for endocrinal signaling to other organs. We hypothesized that these myokines mediate some of the inhibitory effects of exercise on mammary cancer cell proliferation. Serum and muscl...
AIM Urine concentration measured via osmolality (U OSM) and specific gravity (U SG) reflects the adequacy of daily fluid intake, which has important relationships to health in pregnant (PREG) and lactating (LACT) women. Urine color (U COL) may be a practical, surrogate marker for whole-body hydration status. PURPOSE To determine whether U COL was a valid measure of urine concentration in PREG...
BACKGROUND Spot urine albumin/creatinine ratio is a reliable estimate of 24-hour urine albumin excretion. In a pilot study, we observed that the spot urine osmolality/creatinine ratio (U(osm)/U(cr)) in healthy adults is reproducible. Therefore, we postulated that U(osm)/U(cr) of a spot urine sample may give an overall estimate of urinary excretion of solutes, renal concentrating ability and bod...
Interleukin (IL)-1beta induces cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 expression and prostanoid formation in cultured human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells. In other cell types, IL-6 family cytokines induce COX-2 or augment IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression. The purpose of this study was to determine whether IL-6 family cytokines were involved in COX-2 expression in HASM cells. RT-PCR was used to demonstrate...
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