S-acylation, the covalent attachment of palmitate and other fatty acids on cysteine residues, is a reversible post-translational modification that exerts diverse effects on protein functions. S-acylation is catalyzed by protein acyltransferases (PAT), while deacylation requires acyl-protein thioesterases (APT), with numerous inhibitors for these enzymes having already been developed and charact...

1. Acetylation of aspartate aminotransferase from pig heart inhibits completely the enzymic activity when the coenzyme is in the amino form (pyridoxamine phosphate) or when the coenzyme has been removed, but not when the coenzyme is in the aldehyde form (pyridoxal phosphate). 2. The group the acylation of which is responsible for the inhibition has been identified with the in-amino group of a l...

Nano sulfated titania was tested as solid acid heterogeneous catalyst for the synthesis of 4-(Trifluoromethyl) coumarin and coumarin derivatives under solvent-free condition. Factorial design evidenced a positive effect of reaction temperature, amount of catalyst, and solvents.  This nano-sized sulfated titania has been prepared by a sol-gel hydrothermal process. The prepared sulfated titania s...

Some new b-lactams bearing biologically important morpholine ring have been synthesized by acylation of amino b-lactams in the presence of morpholine-4-carbonyl chloride. These novel β-lactams were prepared under mild reaction conditions without any solvent in short reaction times. Their biological activities have been examined against microbial agents such as Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),...

We report the identification and characterization of eight yeast mitochondrial tRNA mutants, located in mitochondrial tRNA(Gln), tRNA(Arg2), tRNA(Ile), tRNA(His), and tRNA(Cys), the respiratory phenotypes of which exhibit various degrees of deficiency. The mutations consist in single-base substitutions, insertions, or deletions, and are distributed all over the tRNA sequence and structure. To i...

NMR methods can be used to delineate detailed structural and regiochemical information on the plant cell wall and elucidate biochemical incorporation pathways. Maize lignin isolated in high yield from rind tissue of stem internodes contained high amounts of esterified p-coumaric acid. Available literature indicated that acylation of the lignin by p-coumaric acid was at the αor γ-position of the...

In recent years, various large-scale proteomic studies have demonstrated that mitochondrial proteins are highly acylated, most commonly by addition of acetyl and succinyl groups. These acyl modifications may be enzyme catalysed but can also be driven non-enzymatically. The latter mechanism is promoted in mitochondria due to the nature of the mitochondrial microenvironment, which is alkaline and...

Penicillin-binding protein 3 (PBP3; also called FtsI) is a transpeptidase that catalyzes cross-linking of the peptidoglycan cell wall in the division septum of Escherichia coli. To determine whether the catalytic activity of PBP3 is activated during division, we assayed acylation of PBP3 with three beta-lactams (cephalexin, aztreonam, and piperacillin) in growing cells. Acylation of PBP3 with c...

Several studies have described important biological activities of flavonoids such as coronary heart disease prevention, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory and anticancer activities, enzyme inhibition activity, and antibacterial, antifungal, and antiviral activities. Flavonoids show promising activity as natural plant-based antioxidants due to their antioxidant and free radical scavenging prope...

Selective 2'-hydroxyl acylation analyzed by primer extension (SHAPE) has gained popularity as a facile method of examining RNA structure both in vitro and in vivo, exploiting accessibility of the ribose 2'-OH to acylation by N-methylisatoic anhydride (NMIA) in unpaired or flexible configurations. Subsequent primer extension terminates at the site of chemical modification, and these products are...