this study aimed to investigate the effects of listening strategy training on iranian efl learners listening comprehension and use of such strategies. this work, employing an experimental methodology, was conducted among 60 adult efl learners from a language institute in isfahan, iran, as participants. the participants, who were selected based on the results of a placement test, were assigned t...

The purpose of this study was to compare cognitive deficits in patients with bipolar disorder type I with schizophrenic patients. The samples were comprised of 30 male patients with bipolar disorder type I and 30 male patients with schizophrenia (these disorders were diagnosed by a psychiatrist) after they had reached stability level and showed a decreased in their signs. This sample was chosen...

in the new age, in regard to human success in education in the globalizing world, one can consider english proficiency and individual differences as two important issues. in efl settings, reading skill plays an important role in education. it seems that using multiple intelligences theory in efl classes which values individual differences by tapping different intelligences, can be rewarding. as...

the purpose of this study is to investigate the relationships between teachers’ immediacy behaviors and iranian students’ willingness to talk in english classes. analysis of the results from willingness to talk scale represents a relatively high level of willingness to talk in english classrooms among iranian language learners. the total mean score of students’ willingness to talk was 66.3 ou...

previous studies regarding teachers’ beliefs have revealed that teachers’ beliefs have influence on their classroom practices. the current study aimed to investigate the effect of teachers’ beliefs about teaching reading strategies on students’ motivation and success in reading comprehension in the context of english teaching as a foreign language in high schools of mazandaran, iran. data were ...

Background and Objectives: Citrulline (cit.) is a non-essential amino acid derived from watermelon, which affects improving glucose tolerance and lipid and energy metabolisms. The aim of this study was to investigate effects of citrulline supplementation on non-alcoholic fatty liver.  Materials & Methods: In this randomized clinical trial, 50 patients with NAFLD were randomly assigned to recei...

In addition to physical fitness, psychological factors can have a great impact on athletic performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between mental toughness, perceived motivational climate, and goal orientation among professional athletes. The research was a descriptive correlational study. The study population consisted of all professional athletes who participate...