The advent of Transformation Optics established the link between geometry and material properties, and has resulted in a degree of control over electromagnetic fields that was previously impossible. For waves confined to a surface it is known that there is a simpler, but related, geometrical equivalence between the surface shape and the refractive index, and here we demonstrate that conventiona...

the edge versions of reverse wiener indices were introduced by mahmiani et al. veryrecently. in this paper, we find their relation with ordinary (vertex) wiener index in somegraphs. also, we compute them for trees and tuc4c8(s) naotubes.

The surface of the eye is an extraordinary and vital component of vision. The smooth, wet surface of the cornea is the major refractive surface of the visual system, which, along with corneal transparency, enables light to proceed through the lens and onto the retina for photoreceptor activation. The presence of the smooth, wet refractive ocular surface required for vision comes, however, at a ...

We propose an ultrafast pulse shaping method by modulating the pulse phase and amplitude by the electro-optic effect and Bragg diffraction in the aperiodically optical superlattice. Linear-chirped periodically poled lithium niobate is used. The input pulse can be shaped, for example, by compressing it through the extraordinary refractive index change of the crystal by applying and changing the ...

Purpose: To evaluate the correlation of central corneal thickness (CCT) with refractive error and keratometry in a group of patients eligible for laser keratorefractive surgery, which may serve as a bias in studies on intraocular pressure (IOP) measurement Methods: In a cross sectional observational study, the right eyes of 340 patients who underwent laser keratorefractive surgery during the ye...

Accurate measurement and control of key parameters of droplets in the complex atomization or spray flow field play an instructive role in the mechanism study of multiphase flows and optimization of specific industrial process. Among numerous advanced optical measurement techniques for characterizing droplets, global rainbow refractometry is able to measure the size distribution and refractive i...

The refractive index of human skin tissues is an important parameter in characterizing the optical response of the skin. We extended a previously developed method of coherent reflectance curve measurement to determine the in vitro values of the complex refractive indices of epidermal and dermal tissues from fresh human skin samples at eight wavelengths between 325 and 1557 nm. Based on these re...

Negative refractive index characteristics of a uniaxial anisotropic slab with a negative component of the permeability tensor are first confirmed. A two-dimensional array of metallic spirals is fabricated on a dielectric substrate and the wave propagation guided by the structure is measured by near-field measurements at 4.5 GHz band. The ω-β relation is obtained by the measured phase distributi...