The aim of the present work is to extensively evaluate the pharmaceutical attributes of currently available riluzole presentations. The article describes the limitations and risks associated with the administration of crushed tablets, including the potential for inaccurate dosing and reduced rate of absorption when riluzole is administered with high-fat foods, and the advantages that a recently...

BACKGROUND Recent studies with intravenous (i.v.) application of ketamine show remarkable but short-term success in patients with MDD. Studies in patients with chronic pain have used different ketamine applications for longer time periods. This experience may be relevant for psychiatric indications. AIMS To review the literature about the dosing regimen, duration, effects and side-effects of ...

Edoxaban, a once daily non-vitamin K antagonist oral anticoagulant, is a direct, selective, reversible inhibitor of factor Xa (FXa). In healthy subjects, single oral doses of edoxaban result in peak plasma concentrations within 1.0-2.0 h of administration, followed by a biphasic decline. Exposure is approximately dose proportional for once daily doses of 15-150 mg. Edoxaban is predominantly abs...

Tacrolimus is a macrolide lactone with potent immunosuppressive properties. It has been shown in clinical studies to prevent allograft rejection. The pharmacokinetics of tacrolimus in healthy subjects and transplant patients has been described in earlier studies using immunoassay methods; however, detailed information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of tacrolimus usin...

JALYN® (DUTASTERIDE/TAMSULOSIN): A NEW OPTION IN BPH n the U.S., the leading method of contraception is the combination oral contraceptive pill. More than 10 million women aged 15-44 years use the birth control pill as their primary method of contraception.1 Since the first BCP approval in 1960, the FDA has approved many oral contraceptive products. Most of these products use ethinyl estradiol ...

The present study reports on the detailed toxicological and chemotherapeutic evaluation of antituberculosis drug loaded nanoparticles in mice. A single oral dose administration of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLG, a synthetic polymer) nanoparticles containing rifampicin+isoniazid+pyrazinamide+ethambutol could maintain drug levels in various tissues for 9-10 days and did not elicit any adverse re...

Polymorphisms in CYP2C9, a critical cytochrome P-450 enzyme in the metabolism of warfarin, alters its clearance and affects dosing. CYP*1 has higher activity than either the *2 or *3 variants, and patients with the *2 or *3 variants require a lower dose. VKORC1 is the enzyme inhibited by warfarin, and its levels are affected by several polymorphisms that can be divided into high or low level ha...

Research on improved treatment of HIV infection and pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) continues. Poor adherence to treatment is the critical risk factor for virologic failure and resistance development, and long-acting formulations of anti-HIV medications that need only infrequent dosing may facilitate long-term therapeutic responses. However, such formulations and long-term persistence of drug a...

Patients using warfarin for oral anticoagulant therapy need to be frequently monitored because of warfarin's narrow therapeutic range and the large variation in dose requirements among patients. Patients receiving the wrong dose have an increased risk of bleeding or thromboembolic events. The required dose is influenced by environmental factors, such as gender, age, diet and concomitant medicat...

A method for pharmacokinetic studies using cassette dosing associated with serial bleeding in mice is described. PK profiles of four soluble epoxide hydrolase inhibitors were determined following oral, subcutaneous or intraperitoneal administration individually or in cassette dosing. Parent analyses were performed on only 5 microL of whole blood from serial bleeds (up to 10 per animal), by LC/M...