in this paper, based on the coupled-mode and carrier rate equations, a dynamic model and numerical analysis of a multi quantum well (mqw) chirped distributed feedback semiconductor optical amplifier (dfb-soa)  all-optical flip-flop is precisely derived. we have analyzed the effects of strains of qw and mqw and cross phase modulation (xpm) on the dynamic response, and rise and fall times of the ...

introduction: the human skin is an active medium from the optical point of view. therefore, the diagnostic and therapeutic techniques employing light are increasing. current optical techniques are based on the measurement of the intensity of reflected absorbed or backscattered light from or within skin. studies have shown that biological tissues, and in particular skin, demonstrate polarization...

Bi2Se3 thin film was prepared using thermal evaporation . Structure and surface topography were investigated both of Diffraction Electron Microscope (DEM) Transmission (TEM). Optical results confirmed that has a direct energy gap. Moreover, the values for all oscillating (Eo), dispersion (Ed) ratio free carrier concentration on effective mass (N/m*) determined optically. The dielectric constant...

We conducted a theoretical investigation of the optical steady-state behavior in N four-level Y-type atoms driven coherently by a probe laser and a single elliptically polarized field (EPF) bymeans of a unidirectional ring cavity. It was found that the optical bistability can be observed for a wide regime of frequency detuning of the probe field, intensity of the EPF, and the atomic cooperation...

This paper focuses on the recent research in optical communications and the effects of fiber non linearities in optical communication. Moreover, this paper covers the investigation on characteristics of optical fiber, modelling/analysis of fiber nonlinearities and laser effect on optical fiber in the literature. This paper also provides the information about the parameters, methodology and mate...