The purpose of this study is to demonstrate briefly how Shusaku Endo, the noted Japanese author Silence, stresses his identity over Roman Catholic religion in novel Samurai. This preference has unfortunately been ignored by Western literary critics who have instead opted stress importance religious beliefs fiction.

The pre-existing trait hypothesis suggests that females evolve a mating preference for an already existing male trait. This hypothesis poses a simple resolution to Darwin's long-standing question of how elaborate, male display traits evolve. The frequently observed convergence of aggressive and courtship displays across a wide array of species provides the only current support for this hypothes...

BACKGROUND In the majority of countries, active direct euthanasia is a forbidden way of the deprivation of the patients' life, while its passive form is commonly accepted. This distinction between active and passive euthanasia has no justification, viewed through the prism of morality and ethics. Therefore, we focused on attention on the moral and ethical implications of the aforementioned medi...

The recent “Happy Birthday, Mr. Darwin” issue of Science (6 February 2009) celebrates evolution, the most unifying theory of biology. At the same time, this issue shows that molecular cell biology remains relatively untouched by evolutionary theory. Consider the fascinating studies of the STAT3 protein (Myers, 2009; Wegrzyn et al., 2009). This protein appears to have a dual function, on one han...

Summary: Transposable elements constitute a large fraction of vertebrate genomes and, during evolution, may be co-opted for new functions. Exonization of transposable elements inserted within or close to host genes is one possible way to generate new genes, and alternative splicing of the new exons may represent an intermediate step in this process. The genes TMPO and ZNF451 are present in all ...

BACKGROUND Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) is a major public health challenge in Zimbabwe. METHODS Using trained peer counselors, a nevirapine (NVP)-based PMTCT program was implemented as part of routine care in urban antenatal clinics. RESULTS Between October 2002 and December 2004, a total of 19,279 women presented for antenatal care. Of these, 18,817 (98%) under...

Transposable elements constitute a large fraction of vertebrate genomes and, during evolution, may be co-opted for new functions. Exonization of transposable elements inserted within or close to host genes is one possible way to generate new genes, and alternative splicing of the new exons may represent an intermediate step in this process. The genes TMPO and ZNF451 are present in all vertebrat...

Articles in general and definite articles in particular can create problems even long after all other aspects of English have been mastered. The present article investigated the learnability problems related to the acquisition of count-mass distinction of English nominals by Persian L2 learners. The theoretical underpinning of the study is the interpretability hypothesis (Tsimpli & Dimitrakopou...

Regenerative agriculture is the latest phrase in sustainable movement (Mer­field, 2019). Many early advocates have become disenchanted with concept of agri­culture. Some claim it has been co-opted, misused, and essentially made useless by defenders industrial agriculture. However, regenerative agri­culture faces same risks if not defined terms that ensure agricultural sustainability.