Opiates and opioids are naturally occurring or synthesized derivatives of opium commonly known as “narcotics.” Short-acting narcotics often are used for the acute treatment of migraine headache that is moderate to severe in intensity. Orally self-administered narcotics that are commonly prescribed include codeine (typically prescribed with acetaminophen; eg, Tylenol #3), hydrocodone (typically ...

A random sample of 708 women prisoners recently admitted to Holloway Prison was screened for evidence of psychiatric disorder. Of the 708 women, 195 had a history of self harm, 44 of whom had a history of cutting themselves, 125 had a history of psychiatric illness, 99 were dependent on opiates, and 89 took psychotropic drugs regularly. These findings suggest that there is a need for psychiatri...

objective: drug craving is defined as an urge to continue substance abuse. drug dependents use different terms to express their subjective feeling of craving. this study was an attempt to generate an understanding of craving terminology among different groups of persian speaking iranian opiate dependents. method: terms used for the meaning of drug craving were listed by 36 ex-opiate dependents ...

Background: Breakthrough pain is an exacerbation of occurring in patients with chronic who receive opioid therapy every day. has not been routinely recognized, evaluated and treated. This study aimed to analyze the utilization opiates analgesics, including dose regimentation, frequency use, actual adverse effects cancer breakthrough pain.

objective: the present study aimed to determine the frequency of drug abused in a sample of university students in rafsanjan, iran. methods: in this cross-sectional study, 1,260 students volunteered (311 males and 949 females) with mean age of 21.35 years. data were collected by a self-administrated questionnaire regarding drugs abuse and demographic information. results: benzodiazepines were t...