De Vrijer has presented a proof of the finite developments theorem which, in addition to showing that all developments are finite, gives an effective reduction strategy computing longest developments as well as a simple formula computing their length. We show that by applying a rather simple and intuitive principle of duality to de Vrijer’s approach one arrives at a proof that some developments...

A hybrid approach that combines the (1+1)-ES and threshold selection methods is developed. The framework of the new experimentalism is used to perform a detailed statistical analysis of the effects that are caused by this hybridization. Experimental results on the sphere function indicate that hybridization worsens the performance of the evolution strategy, because evolution strategies are well...

Throughout their lives, women provide for their own and their children's and grandchildren's needs and thus must minimize their risk of incurring physical harm. Alliances with individuals who will assist them in attaining these goals increase their probability of survival and reproductive success. High status in the community enhances access to physical resources and valuable allies. Kin, a mat...

The main goal of this commentary is to provide a brief checklist proposal for a possible second meeting with the patient, particularly when prescriptions and therapeutic indications provided in the first meeting were not totally or partially followed. In the second meeting please ask yourself the following question: “Where was my behavior lacking in the first meeting? In the “relationship,” “co...

We have seen previously that there are three ways of generating new redexes by reduction. Out of the three forms, one may argue that one of them is not a new redex, but a residual of a redex in the initial term: We can define a new reduction which reduces this 'hidden redexes'. This reduction is called generalized β-reduction and is denoted by → g β. Given a term with hidden redexes, one step o...

This paper deals with the verification of efficiency of the novel on-chip OBIST (Oscillation Built-In Self Test) strategy by comparison the fault coverage in selected types of active analog integrated filters. Fault coverage obtained by OBIST approach was compared to fault coverage results obtained by the measurement and evaluation of filters’ selected parameters.

This paper presents first results of an analysis of the σ-self-adaptation mechanism on the sharp ridge for non-recombinative (1, λ) evolution strategies (ES). To analyze the ES’s evolution, we consider the so-called evolution equations which describe the one-generation change. Neglecting stochastic perturbations and considering only the mean value dynamics, we will investigate possible causes w...

The temporal evolution of the scientific world can also be delineated in the map. In particular, this map clearly shows a linear structure of the scientific world, which contains three major domains including physical sciences , life sciences, and medical sciences. The interaction of various knowledge fields can be clearly seen from this scientific world map. This approach can be applied to var...