We compile and analyze detailed information on the debt structure and interest rate derivative positions of nonfinancial firms in 2000 and 2002. We find that differences in debt structure across firms and time tend to be counterbalanced by differences in derivative positions. In particular, among derivative users, smaller firms tend to have relatively more interest rate exposure from liabilitie...

Assessing hypovolaemia and predicting volume responsiveness is a difficult challenge in most critically ill patients and surgical patients. Clinicians have to deal with three different scenarios: • Patients who present in the Emergency Department with evident acute body fluid losses. The diagnosis of hypovolaemia is almost certain and a positive haemodynamic response to volume resuscitation wil...

I characterize time consistent equilibrium in an economy with price rigidity and an optimizing monetary authority operating under discretion. Firms have the option to increase their frequency of price change, at a cost, in response to higher inflation. Previous studies, which assume a constant degree of price rigidity across inflation regimes, find two time consistent equilibria — one with low ...

Objective: To assess whether the quality of early childhood environments among different groups of Bangladeshi women, including migrants to the UK, contributes to variation in ovarian reserve and the rate of reproductive ageing in later life. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: London (UK) and Sylhet town, NE Bangladesh. Patients: 179 healthy women volunteers aged 35-59 divided into four gr...

The Rio Cajarí Extractive Reserve (RCER) is a sustainable use protected area located in Southern Amapá state, Brazil. This protected area is home to traditional agro-extractive families, but has been increasingly invaded by commercial agriculture producers. In this work, we test the hypothesis that the RCER implementation has distinctly affected spatial patterns of deforestation and rates of ba...

age at menopause using serum concentration of anti-mullerian hormone. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2013;98:729–735. Titus S, Li F, Stobezki R, Akula K, Unsal E, Jeong K, Dickler M, Robson M, Moy F, Goswami S et al. Impairment of BRCA1-related DNA doublestrand break repair leads to ovarian aging in mice and humans. Sci Transl Med 2013;5:172ra21. Tremellen K, Savulescu J. Ovarian reserve screening: a ...

Given the rapid rate of population aging, basic science and public health efforts have increasingly focused on the determinants of successful cognitive aging. In this chapter, we review the definition and biological, psychological, and environmental determinants of cognitive health in later life. Successful cognitive aging is a multi-dimensional construct that lacks a consensus operationalized ...

In recent years bilingualism has been linked to both advantages in executive control and positive impacts on aging. Such positive cognitive effects of bilingualism have been attributed to the increased need for language control during bilingual processing and increased cognitive reserve, respectively. However, a mechanistic explanation of how bilingual experience contributes to cognitive reserv...

Diminished ovarian reserve is a more common occurrence as more women postpone childbearing in modern societies due to social and demographic trends. Diminished ovarian reserve is one of the primary reasons for poor ART outcome. Due to high costs, side effects and heavy burden on patients on ART treatments, patient selection and counseling for prognosis is an important aspect before starting ART...

Brain reserve and cognitive reserve in multiple sclerosis: What you’ve got and how you use it Sixty-two patients with multiple sclerosis received MRIs to estimate brain reserve, estimatedwith intracranial volume and disease burden. The authors provided evidence of cognitive reserve independently protecting against disease-related cognitive decline over and above brain reserve. Lifestyle choices...