BACKGROUND To contend with the risk of exclusion created by user fees, those implementing the Bamako Initiative (BI) were asked to organise exemption schemes for the indigent. But those exemption schemes were never put in place in Africa due to difficulties identifying the indigent. An action research was implemented to test the hypothesis that a community-based process for selecting beneficiar...

There has been slow progress with finding practical solutions to health systems corruption, a topic that has long languished in policy-makers “too difficult tray.” Efforts to achieve universal health coverage (UHC) provide a new imperative for addressing the long-standing problem of corruption in health systems making fighting corruption at all levels and in all its for...

Abstract Climate change is having a detrimental impact on the environment and animals humans health. Recent research has highlighted negative that climate social environmental factors determine human health, such as clean air, food security safety, water quality, much more possible increase of infectious diseases zoonoses. indeed global health problem, causing several impacts could be largely p...

This study aims to contribute research on systemic thinking in biology education, particularly how best equip pre-service teachers introduce health problems such as the COVID-19 pandemic using “One Health” approach. We attempt explore what extent a group of identify our lifestyle and relationships with nature factors that emergence future pandemics. The questions are follows: (1) What dimension...

The COVID-19 pandemic, adverse effects of climate change, the ongoing war in Ukraine, and other threats have been calling on all relevant stakeholders from varied disciplines to collaborate via One Health approach, addressing health people, animals, plants, their shared environment. This narrative review examines need add two more dimensions approach: food systems resilience, thus laying down f...