In this paper, two games that play a role in creating a cancer tumor and suppression are studied using evolutionary game theory and its different modes are analyzed. The first game is the competition between a cancer cell and a healthy cell to receive food through the blood. In the second game, the interaction between the two oncogenes Ras and Myc is examined for cellular deformation

Oncogenes deregulate fundamental cellular functions, which can lead to development of tumors, tumor-cell invasion, and metastasis. As the mechanical properties of cells govern cell motility, we hypothesized that oncogenes promote cell invasion by inducing cytoskeletal changes that increase cellular stiffness. We show that the oncogenes simian virus 40 large T antigen, c-Myc, and cyclin E induce...

Osteosarcoma is the most common primary malignancy of bone. The tumours are characterized by high genomic instability, including the occurrence of multiple regions of amplifications and deletions. Chromosome region 17p11.2-p12 is amplified in about 25% of cases. In previous studies, COPS3 and PMP22 have been identified as candidate oncogenes in this region. Considering the complexity and variat...

Proto-oncogenes have been revealed to participate in normal cell proliferation as well as in cell transformation. Since cardiac myocytes are terminally differentiated, they cannot divide except in the fetal period. To determine the role of cellular oncogenes in the growth of the heart, the expression pattern of eight cellular oncogenes during the developmental stage and pressure-overloaded hype...

Chromosome region 17q12-23 commonly shows an increase in DNA copy number in breast cancers, suggesting that several oncogenes are located at this site. We performed a high-resolution expression array and comparative genomic hybridization analysis of genes mapped to the entire 17q12-23 region, to identify novel candidate oncogenes. We identified 24 genes that showed significant overexpression in...

Amplification and expression of 16 protooncogenes were examined in 12 established small cell lung cancer (SCLC) cell lines. Seven of 12 cell lines showed a 20- to 35-fold amplification of the c-myc oncogene, 3 cell lines showed an 80- to 130-fold amplification of N-myc oncogene, and one cell line had a simultaneous amplification of the c-myb and N-myc oncogene. In this cell line both oncogenes ...

The Human Papillomavirus (HPV) is associated with several human cancers, including head and neck squamous cell carcinomas (HNSCCs). HPV expresses the viral oncogene E7 that binds to the retinoblastoma protein (RB1) in order to activate the E2F pathway. RB1 can mediate contradictory pathways-cell growth and cell death via E2F family members. Here, we assessed the extent to which E2F1 mediates le...