Composting industry is a progressive and innovative industry that has been growing worldwide, especially in the last 20 years. Firstly, in this paper, an overview of fundamentals and processes on composting and anaerobic digestion are compiled, showing the versatility and multivariable profile of these processes. Secondly, a methodological proposal for a mid-size city is presented. It is propos...

The objective of the work was to provide a method to predict CO2 and NH3 yields during composting of the biodegradable fraction of municipal solid wastes (MSW). The compostable portion of MSW was simulated using three principal biodegradable components, namely mixed paper wastes, yard wastes and food wastes. Twelve laboratory runs were carried out at thermophilic temperatures based on the princ...

During composting, the composition of microbial communities is subject to constant change owing to interactions with fluctuating physicochemical parameters. This study explored the changes in bacterial and fungal communities during cattle farm waste composting and aimed to identify and prioritize the contributing physicochemical factors. Microbial community compositions were determined by high-...

In the present work, a method for extracting cellulose from olive industry solid waste has been developed. The method involves subjecting solid olive waste to kraft pulping, followed by multistep bleaching processes. The totally free chlorine chemical bleaching sequence APEP was the most effective and gave an average cellulose yield of about 35%. The extracted cellulose was extensively characte...

Organic pollutants (OPs) are potentially present in composts and the assessment of their content and bioaccessibility in these composts is of paramount importance. In this work, we proposed a model to simulate the behavior of OPs and the dynamic of organic C during composting. This model, named COP-Compost, includes two modules. An existing organic C module is based on the biochemical compositi...

With the development of urbanization, kitchen waste and garden have become an important part municipal solid (MSW), which is in urgent need resource treatment. This study investigated impacts as auxiliary materials on maturity odor emissions (NH3 H2S) during composting. The result showed that combined composting product achieved effect, co-composting effect was better than separate waste. Meanw...

Green waste (leaves, grass and shredded twigs) was composted for 5.5 months in a wooden composting bioreactor, of 1 m capacity, using both passive convective aeration, facilitated by the design of the bioreactor, and manual turning. Temperature was measured daily, while samples were analysed for moisture content, volatile solids, pH value and electrical conductivity, all of which showed a typic...

More than 1,000 boxes of sewage sludge are stockpiled at this base camp. It was composted during the beginning of a pilot study in 2004. Armies around the globe have always had to deal with the problem of solid waste. Today, a large percentage of solid waste is packaging materials (cardboard, paper, and plastic), in addition to waste food and sewage sludge. While much of the solid waste generat...

Microbial degradation of organic wastes entails the production of various gases such as carbon dioxide (CO(2)), methane (CH(4)), nitrous oxide (N(2)O), and carbon monoxide (CO). Some of these gases are classified as greenhouse gases (GHGs), thus contributing to climate change. A study was performed to evaluate three methods for quantifying GHG emissions from central composting of garden waste. ...