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One of the major purposes of optimization in civil engineering is to perform a suitable design for the structure. This goal has to fulfill technical criteria and contain the minimum economical costs. Building frames are of the most customary civil engineering structures. Therefore, optimization of these types of structures could be of a great concern from the economical viewpoints. One of the c...

objective: the neural crest is a transient structure of early vertebrate embryos that generates neural crest cells (nccs). these cells can migrate throughout the body and produce a diverse array of mature tissue types. due to the ethical and technical problems surrounding the isolation of these early human embryo cells, researchers have focused on in vitro studies to produce nccs and increase t...

“Ecological buildings” and “energy-efficient are concepts which we encounter on a daily basis define modern trends. The purpose of their design is to create an optimal thermal microclimate by means heat flows that form within it or enter it. A balanced combination creates suitable conditions for comfort—a factor contributing the quality internal environment buildings. This research addresses pr...

Through the history and since 1933, the Iranian rial has declined from 11.2 rials per dollar to almost 8600 rials per dollar today in the parallel or black market. At the same time the official rate has been kept at artificial level most of the time, not consistent with other macro conditions of the country. Historically, however, the Central bank has adjusted the official rate and brought it i...

AIM To describe the benefits and restrictions that emerged in health monitoring of the Northrhine-Westphalian migrant population. METHODS Analysis of official register data, description and classification of benefits and restrictions, and systematic derivation of implications of general validity. RESULTS The comparison of the native German and migrant populations revealed which health relev...