A variety of nanomaterials have been developed for ocular diseases. The ability of these nanomaterials to pass through the blood-ocular barrier and their biocompatibility are essential characteristics that must be considered. Bacterial magnetosomes (BMs) are a type of biogenic magnetic nanomaterials synthesized by magnetotactic bacteria. Due to their unique biomolecular membrane shell and narro...

BACKGROUND Uveitis and optic neuritis are prevalent ocular inflammatory diseases, and highly damaging ocular conditions. Both diseases are currently treated with corticosteroids, but they do not have adequate efficacy and are often associated with severe side effects. Thus, uveitis and optic neuritis remain a challenging field to ophthalmologists and a significant public health concern. OBJEC...

Objective(s): In this study, a stable bear bile-loaded pH sensitive in-situ eye drop gel was prepared for sustain delivery and enhanced therapeutic application. Materials and Methods: Bear bile-loaded in-situ ocular gels with different Carbopol/Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC)  ratios were prepared and their stability was tested in P...

The major challenge faced by today's pharmacologist and formulation scientist is ocular drug delivery. Topical eye drop is the most convenient and patient compliant route of drug administration, especially for the treatment of anterior segment diseases. Delivery of drugs to the targeted ocular tissues is restricted by various precorneal, dynamic and static ocular barriers. Also, therapeutic dru...

Purpose: No information is available in the literature about the true incidence of ocular abnormalities in preterm infants of the Egyptian population. This study was carried on preterm infants who were screened for retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) and accidentally discovered to have other ocular morbidity. Methods: This prospective study was carried in a neonatal ICU (NICU) facility owened to a...

ultrasonography is a relatively easy, safe and non-invasive examination method which can be used in diagnosis of ocular disorders as complementary to routine ophthalmic examinations. as there has been no collated study undertaken on the normal measurements of ocular structures in caspian miniature horse, obtaining these measurements could be a benchmark to diagnose some of the diseases and eye ...

OBJECTIVE The international criteria for primary Sjögren's Syndrome (SS I) diagnosis (Vitali et al. 2002) include the Schirmer test I and vital dye staining as tests for ocular surface involvement, but diagnosis can be reached also when the item for ocular signs is not satisfied. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the ocular surface in patients with Sjögren's Syndrome, non-Sjögren's autoi...

Ocular neovascularisation underlies blinding eye diseases such as retinopathy of prematurity, proliferative diabetic retinopathy, and wet age-related macular degeneration. These diseases cause irreversible vision loss, and provide a significant health and economic burden. Biologics targeting vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are the major approach for treatment. However, up to 30% of pa...

Atopic diseases which include bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and ocular allergic disorders are among the most frequent conditions experienced by patients. Allergic conjunctivitis, an atopic ocular disease, is one of the most common problems encountered in general ophthalmic practice and the only ocular inflammatory disease that represents a pure type-I hypersensitivity ...

Autophagy plays an adaptive role in cell survival, development, differentiation and intracellular homeostasis. Autophagy is recognized as a 'self-cannibalizing' process that is active during stresses such as starvation, chemotherapy, infection, ageing, and oxygen shortage to protect organisms from various irritants and to regenerate materials and energy. However, autophagy can also lead to a fo...