In the ocean, wind-generated kinetic energy (KE) manifests itself primarily in balanced currents and near-inertial waves. The dynamics of these flows is strongly constrained by the Earth’s rotation, causing the KE in balanced currents to follow an inverse cascade but also preventing wave-wave interactions from fluxing energy in the near-inertial band to lower frequencies and higher vertical wav...

Carbon capture and storage (CCS) technologies remove carbon dioxide from flue gases for storage in geologic formations or the ocean. We find that CCS is technically feasible and economically attractive within the range of carbon policies discussed domestically and internationally. Current costs are about $200 to $250 per ton of carbon, although costs are sensitive to fuel prices and other assum...

[1] Recent eddy-permitting simulations of the North Pacific Ocean have revealed robust patterns of multiple zonal jets that visually resemble the zonal jets on giant planets. We argue that this resemblance is more than just visual because the energy spectrum of the oceanic jets obeys a power law that fits spectra of zonal flows on the outer planets. Remarkably, even the non-dimensional proporti...

Data from turbulent numerical simulations of the global ocean demonstrate that the dissipation of kinetic energy obeys a nearly lognormal distribution at surprisingly large horizontal scales. As the horizontal scales of resolved turbulence are larger than the ocean is deep, the KolmogorovYaglom theory for intermittency in 3D homogeneous, isotropic turbulence cannot apply: instead the downscale ...

How unstable is the tropical ocean–atmosphere system? Are two successive El Niño events independent, or are they part of a continual (perhaps weakly damped) cycle sustained by random atmospheric disturbances? How important is energy dissipation for ENSO dynamics? These closely related questions are frequently raised in connection with several climate problems ranging from El Niño predictability...

[1] Formation of a sulfate-bearing ocean on Jupiter’s satellite Europa by quenched hydrothermal fluids provides a source of metabolic energy for low-temperature sulfatereducing organisms that use dissolved H2 as an electron donor. Inhibition of thermodynamically favorable sulfate reduction in cooled hydrothermal fluids creates the potential for biologic reduction. Both high temperature and redu...

This paper presents ocean wave energy control using the Aquila optimization (AO) technique. An oscillating water column (OWC)-type converter has been considered that is fitted with a Wells turbine and doubly fed induction generator (DFIG). To achieve maximum power point tracking (MPPT), rotor speed of DFIG must be controlled as per MPPT law. The law designed in such way flow coefficient remains...

Successful commercialisation of wave energy technology inherently incorporates the concept an array converters (WECs). These devices, which constantly interact via hydrodynamic effects, require optimised control that can guarantee maximum extraction from incoming ocean waves while ensuring, at same time, any physical limitations associated with device and actuator systems are being consistently...

A one-dimensional sea ice-ocean model with its application in the Arctic Ocean is presented. The model includes a mixed-layer ocean model, a multi-layer snow/ice model, and the interfaces among atmosphere, snow/sea ice, and sea water. The observational data from the measurements at the ice station of the Surface Heat Budget of the Arctic Ocean (SHEBA) field experiment between November 1997 and ...