Abstract In multi-messenger astronomy, rapid investigation of interesting transients is imperative. As an observatory with a 4 ? steradian field view, and ?99% uptime, the IceCube Neutrino Observatory unique facility to follow up transients, as well provide valuable insights for other observatories inform their observational decisions. Since 2016, has been using low-latency data rapidly respond...

Rural firms have a higher survival rate than urban firms. Over the first 13 years after firm entry, the hazard rate for firm exits is persistently higher for urban firms. While differences in firm attributes explain some of the rural-urban gap in firm survival, rural firms retain a survival advantage 18.5% greater than observationally equivalent urban firms. We argue that in competitive markets...

Suppose we are interested in estimating the average causal effect from an observational study. A doubly robust estimator, which is a hybrid of the outcome regression and propensity score weighting, is more robust than estimators obtained by either of them in the sense that, if at least one of the two models holds, the doubly robust estimator is consistent. However, a doubly robust estimator may...

abstract background: physical activities among adolescents affects health during pubescence and adolescence and decrease in physical activities among adolescents has become a global challenge. the aim of the present study was to define the relation between the level of physical activity among adolescent girls and their health beliefs as personal factor and level of observational learning as env...

1 Language 3 1.1 Syntax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.2 Dynamic Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.3 Static Semantics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 1.4 Contextual Equivalence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ....

The Springer-Praxis Popular Astronomy programme covers the latest observations, techniques and discoveries in astronomy, astrophysics and cosmology, selecting key topics designed to fire the imagination of keen astronomers everywhere. Many of the topics selected for titles in this programme are refreshingly new, and away from the accepted mainstream of titles published in this area. Topics inc...

We report the results from a systematic search for molecular (OH 119 μm) outflows with Herschel-PACS in a sample of 43 nearby (z < 0.3) galaxy mergers, mostly ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs) and QSOs. We find that the character of the OH feature (strength of the absorption relative to the emission) correlates with that of the 9.7-μm silicate feature, a measure of obscuration in ULIRGs....

We compute the mid-infrared extinction law from 3.6−24μm in three molecular clouds: Ophiuchus, Perseus, and Serpens, by combining data from the “Cores to Disks” Spitzer Legacy Science program with deep JHKs imaging. Using a new technique, we are able to calculate the line-of-sight extinction law towards each background star in our fields. With these line-of-sight measurements, we create, for th...

We describe a map-making method which we have developed for the Balloon-borne Large Aperture Submillimeter Telescope (BLAST) experiment, but which should have general application to data from other submillimeter arrays. Our method uses a Maximum Likelihood based approach, with several approximations, which allows images to be constructed using large amounts of data with fairly modest computer m...