Recent studies indicate the presence of nano-scale titanium dioxide (TiO2) as an additive in human foodstuffs, but a practical protocol to isolate and separate nano-fractions from soluble foodstuffs as a source of material remains elusive. As such, we developed a method for separating the nano and submicron fractions found in commercial-grade TiO2 (E171) and E171 extracted from soluble foodstuf...

The purposes of this study were to investigate the impacts of concentration levels of whey protein isolate (WPI) and inulin on the formation and physicochemical properties of WPI/inulin nano complexes and to evaluate their potential prebiotic effects. WPI/inulin nano complexes were produced using the internal gelation method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and particle size analyzer wer...

Example 1. The set R+ is a closed, convex, pointed cone. The half plane {x ∈ R2 : x2 ≥ 0} is a closed, convex cone that is not pointed. The union of the open half plane {x ∈ R2 : x2 > 0} and 0 is a somewhat pathological example of a convex cone that is pointed but not closed. Remark 1. There are several different definitions of “cone” in the mathematics. Some, for example, require the cone to b...

this experiment conducted to evaluate the effect of different methods of force molting on performance, egg quality of laying hens with one hundred eighty of 52-wk old hy-line layer in completely randomized design with six treatments, five replicates for 90 days. treatments include 1 - feed withdrawal (fw), 2 - 50 percent alfalfa meal: 50 percent layer ration, 3 - 75 percent alfalfa meal: 25 per...

Following our recent theoretical development of the concept of nano-inductors, nano-capacitors and nanoresistors at optical frequencies and the possibility of synthesizing more complex nanoscale circuits, here we theoretically investigate in detail the problem of optical nano-transmission lines (NTL) that can be envisioned by properly joining together arrays of these basic nano-scale circuit el...

To examine variation in diet and daily ration of the bonnethead shark, Sphyrna tiburo (Linnaeus 1758), animals were collected from three areas in the eastern Gulf of Mexico: northwest Florida (*29 400N, 85 130W), Tampa Bay near Anclote Key (*28 100N, 82 42.50W), and Florida Bay (*24 500N, 80 480W) from March through September, 1998–2000. In each area, diet was assessed by life stage (young-of-t...

Because of microbial resistance to conventional antibiotics, there is increasing interest in silver, including silver nanoparticles (nano-Ag), in antimicrobial applications. However, questions remain regarding the relative roles of nano-Ag particles, versus Ag(+) ions released from nano-Ag dissolution, in imparting bacterial toxicity. Here, we developed a novel nano-Ag that, based on its cystei...

The feeding of glucoascorbic acid, an analog of ascorbic acid, to mice and cotton rats caused the production of a condition exhibiting many of the changes characteristic of scurvy as seen in susceptible species. The condition was not prevented or cured by ascorbic acid, but was cured by removal of the glucoascorbic acid from the ration. The condition was produced in mice fed a highly purified r...