The most important analytical measurements for evaluating hay crops are those that are used to establish economic value or to meet the nutritional requirements of the animals to which it is fed. The objectives of this review are to identify and discuss the most important analyses that are important for determining the economic and nutritional value of hays for dairy cows. It is proposed that th...

Background: The in-vitro nutrient digestibility and fermentation mimicking gastrointestinal process of pigs is a convenient method for rapid cheaper measurement degradation feed ingredients. In the present study silage based diets containing varying levels crude fibre were subjected to in vitro evaluation using pig faecal inoculum determine best level feeding pigs. Methods: Eight prepared namel...

the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of feeding pistachio hull (ph) as a source of tannin and polyethylene glycol (peg) supplementation on feed intake, nutrients digestibility, milk yield and compositions, blood lipid metabolits and milk fatty acids profile in saanen dairy goats. nine maltiparus saanen dairy goats were used in a 3 × 3 replicated latin square design with 21-d period...

Forages comprise 35% to 70% of the dry matter (DM) in diets for lactating dairy cows. Variation in forage quality can impact DM intake, diet energy density, dietary grain and protein supplementation amounts, feed costs, lactation performance, and cow health. Forage quality is highly variable among and within forage types (NRC, 2001). Forage species, variety or hybrid, stage of maturity at harve...

Fats and oils, a.k.a. lipids, are a chemically diverse group of compounds with the highest energy density among all major macro nutrients. Lipids play an important role in commercial turkey diets both physically and physiologically. From a physical standpoint, lipids are associated with processes related to improvement of live weight gain and feed efficiencies in commercial turkeys. Breeder tur...

the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of sources of four starch on milk production and composition, nutrients digestibility and blood metabolites of lactating holstein cows. eight multiparous holstein cows (683±31 kg of body weight; 83±9 dim) were used in a replicated 4×4 latin square design with 21-d periods. the exprimental diets contained wheat, barley, corn, or potato as t...

Not all nutrients in farm animal’s diet are fully digested by animals own digestive enzymes as a consequence important nutrients are unavailable to the animal. But supplementation of enzymes to farm animals has shown to increase the digestibility of poorly digested diets to a much greater extent. By targeting specific anti-nutrients in certain feed ingredients, feed enzymes allow especially pig...

As the aquaculture industry becomes increasingly conscious of costs and benefits, it is searching for more “functional” feeds, many of which are augmented with key ingredients and compounds that promote animal growth and survival. In addition, plant proteins are increasingly used as alternatives to proteins from animal sources. The optimum production of feedstuffs with optimum dry matter conver...

Phytase is traditionally supplemented into broiler diets between 300 and 600 phytase units (FTU)/kg. This supplementation releases phosphorus (P) from phytate in feed ingredients. The obvious benefit is the increase in available nutrients. Another benefit, when phytase is added to corn-soybean meal based diets, the production costs are reduced, leg abnormalities are minimized and bird growth ma...