managed in the primary care setting. Surveys suggest that approximately 20 percent of U.S. adults have symptoms of GERD at least once a week.4 A subgroup of patients with GERD develop severe complications that include erosive esophagitis, stricture formation, Barrett’s esophagus, and adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. Because Barrett’s esophagus is thought to be associated with the development of...

The increasing incidence of esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC) is mirrored by the increasing prevalence of Barrett esophagus, a precursor lesion resulting in a large number of individuals "at risk" for this lethal malignancy. Among patients with Barrett esophagus, only about 0.3% annually will develop EAC. Because large numbers of patients are followed in endoscopic surveillance, there is a need f...

The aim of this study was to determine the role of the superior laryngeal nerve (SLN) in the following esophageal reflexes: esophago-upper esophageal sphincter (UES) contractile reflex (EUCR), esophago-lower esophageal sphincter (LES) relaxation reflex (ELIR), secondary peristalsis, pharyngeal swallowing, and belch. Cats (N = 43) were decerebrated and instrumented to record EMG of the cricophar...

Aim. To determine the diagnostic value of endosonography in primary and secondary esophageal tumors.
 Materials methods. Between 2018 2022, 118 patients with changes were managed at Blokhin National Medical Research Center for Oncology. Primary imply invasion esophagus directly by a tumor, mean wall tumor from outside, transition stomach to esophagus.
 Results. All had esophagogastrod...

BACKGROUND Esophageal adenocarcinoma develops through a multistage process which is characterized histopathologically by progression from Barrett's intestinal metaplasia to Barrett's esophagus with dysplasia and ultimately to adenocarcinoma. The genetic basis of this process is increasingly well understood, but no studies have examined the role of the transcription factor c-myb in this disease....

Achalasia is a primary esophageal motility disorder that involves failure of the lower sphincter to relax in response swallowing. Specifically, becomes hypertensive, and there an absence peristalsis esophagus. The pathophysiology thought be due loss inhibitory nerve function from autoimmune attack targets myenteric nerves. As result, these abnormalities lead functional obstruction at gastroesop...

leiomyoma of the esophagus is rare, but it is the commonest among the benigh tumors of the esophagus. among 95 cases of esophageal tumors, there was just 4 cases of leiomyoma (3 were females and 1 was male) and this is contrary to the reports already published. main symptoms of esophageal leiomyoma include: disphagia, pain and hematemesis from the above mentioned cases 1 tumor was in the thorac...

A 19-year-old female presented with bilateral severe loin pain associated with recurrent macroscopic haematuria. A provisional diagnosis of loin pain haematuria syndrome was made; the severity and frequency of pain led to referral to the pain management service. Alternative diagnoses were considered. Although previous reports of obstruction of the left renal vein have not described pain of this...