The temporal and spatial resource use among hummingbirds was studied over 13 months in an urban forest remnant (Prosa State Park: PSP) in Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Hummingbird visitation was recorded at three ornithophilous and eleven non-ornithophilous species. Flower density was roughly constant during the study period, with the density of non-ornithophilous flowers being high...

In the Central Desert of northern Baja California, blue fan palm populations (Brahea armata) are found as isolated oases on mountaintops and along canyons with ephemeral flow conditions. Here, the effect of the interaction between the larva of an endemic moth, Litoprosopus bajaensis, and this endemic blue fan palm was documented for the first time. We registered the phenology of palms by counti...

Inflorescence effects have been poorly studied, in spite of the functional relevance of the inflorescence in fruit and seed ecology. The present study focused on the effects of inflorescence size and phenology, and flower position within the inflorescence, in relation to fruit and seed production of the Mediterranean shrub Ononis fruticosa. Variability in fruit and seed production, seed weight ...

Zinnia elegans, an annual flowering plant of the genus Zinnia, is one of the best known zinnias. Present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different growing media on the growth and flowering of Zinnia elegans. Seven different growth media including coconut compost, silt, soil loam, leaf manure, (leaf manure + silt; 2:1), (coconut compost + soil loam; 1:1) and (leaf...

A new species, Phyllanthus mutisianus, is described on the basis of a collection from Colombia made by the expedition of Jose Mutis. It is distinguishable from all other neotropical species of Phyllanthus by virtue of the distinctive leaf venation and very long fruiting pedicels. The type specimen lacks mature flowers, but the vegetative morphology, inflorescence, and fruiting structures sugges...

Off-season strawberry production may diversify the yield, thereby increasing costs, but environmental conditions are a limiting factor. This experiment aimed to study effects of vernalization on off-season flowering and gene expression in sub-tropical cv. Pharachatan 80. The factorial (2 × 2) + 1 completely randomized design was used this study. Factor A temperatures: 2 °C 4 °C. B periods: week...

The influence of the environment on studied characteristics can be determined when growing genetically similar plants in different environmental conditions. medicinal plant Leonurus quinquelobatus Gilib. (five-bladed motherwort) belongs to a group that are most responsive changes Plants were grown from uniform seeds trial plots three southern regions West Siberia (Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, and Kam...

to study the effect of planting date on morphological characteristic, yield and essential oil content of achillea millefolium sub sp millefolium.l., an experiment in a randomized complete blocks design (rcbd) with four treatments including four planting date (6 july, 1 august, 7 september and 7 october) in four replications was conducted. during the growing stage and at the end of experiment pe...

Basic questions regarding the origin and evolution of grass (Poaceae) inflorescence morphology remain unresolved, including the developmental genetic basis for evolution of the highly derived outer spikelet organs. To evaluate homologies between the outer sterile organs of grass spikelets and inflorescence structures of nongrass monocot flowers, we describe expression patterns of APETALA1/FRUIT...

Volatile oils from leaves and flowers of Aloysia gratissima were investigated for their chemical composition and antimicrobial activity against the bacteria Bacilus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella choleraesuis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Streptococcus pneumoniae and the Candida albicans yeast. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of the oils were determined by the micro-dilution...