Neruchella eichwaldi gen. et sp. nov. is erected on the basis of a head shield found in Famennian Lebedyanian Regional Stage Orel Region, Russia. The new taxon differs from all known ptyctodontids, and characterized by central plates contact along skull midline, meeting sensory-line canals centrals loss nuchal plate. structures shields two ptyctodontids Chelyophorus are completely different gen...

The present study describes the morphometry of a unilateral ossified sacrotuberous ligament. It aims to discuss its Anatomical and clinical implications.The pudendal nerve, internal pudendal artery, nerve to obturator internus and coccygeal branch of inferior gluteal artery, are the important structures related to sacrotuberous ligament. An ossified sacrotuberous ligament may be an important et...

Nuchal skin oedema at 10-14 weeks gestation, observed by ultrasonography as increased nuchal translucency (NT), is found in approximately 70% of fetuses with trisomies 21, 18 and 13 as well as those with Turner's syndrome. This study investigates the possibility that one mechanism for increased translucency is an altered composition of the skin with a higher concentration of hyaluronan; large a...

BACKGROUND First trimester increased fetal nuchal translucency is associated with fetal aneuploidies. One of the mechanisms of pathophysiology could be an abnormal extracellular matrix facilitating the formation of an interstitial edema. A previous study investigating interstitial edema in first trimester fetuses found large amounts of hyaluronan in the skin of fetuses with trisomy 21. The aim ...

AIMS The purpose of this study was to define the most suitable cut-off point for fetal nuchal translucency thickness in a screening program for aneuploidy and trisomy 21 in the south of Vietnam. MATERIAL & METHODS Two thousand and five hundred cases of singleton pregnancies were followed prospectively from the first trimester to the delivery. The rate of aneuploidy was calculated by seeking a...

In 42 cases of trisomy 13 at 10-14 weeks of gestation, compared with 947 controls, the median multiple of the median (MoM) of maternal serum free beta-human chorionic gonadotrophin (beta-hCG) and pregnancy associated plasma protein A (PAPP-A) was significantly decreased (0.506 MoM and 0.248 MoM respectively), whilst fetal nuchal translucency was increased (2.872 MoM). In 38% and 71% of cases of...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effect of verification bias on the accuracy of first-trimester nuchal translucency measurement for Down syndrome detection. METHODS We used MEDLINE and EMBASE to identify all papers relating the results of nuchal translucency measurement to fetal karyotype. The detected studies were scored for verification bias. Fifteen studies without and ten with verification bias ...