M e t h o d s Data sources: Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMBASE/Excerpta Medica, DARE, NHSEED, and HTA (to December 2006); online registries of clinical trials; Web sites of the European Medicines Agency and the U.S. Food and Drug Administration; reference lists; and pharmaceutical companies. Study selection and assessment: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ≥ 24 weeks in duration that compared ...

OBJECTIVES To examine the CSF concentrations of molecules reflecting demyelination, neuronal and axonal degeneration, gliosis, monoaminergic neuronal function, and aminergic and peptidergic neurotransmission in a large series of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) or subcortical arteriosclerotic encephalopathy (SAE), to elucidate pathogenic, diagnostic, and prognostic features. ...

To clarify the pathogenesis of two different types of adult-onset normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH), we investigated cerebrospinal fluid distribution on the high-field three-dimensional MRI. The subarachnoid spaces in secondary NPH were smaller than those in the controls, whereas those in idiopathic NPH were of similar size to the controls. In idiopathic NPH, however, the basal cistern and Sy...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The etiology of idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is unknown. The purpose of this study was to examine the hypothesis that NPH begins in infancy as benign external hydrocephalus due to decreased uptake of CSF by the arachnoid villi. Since this occurs before the sutures fuse, a secondary hypothesis is that the intracranial volumes of patients with NPH should b...

OBJECTIVE To evaluate whether LY2605541 results in lower fasting blood glucose (FBG) versus insulin glargine (GL). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS This 12-week, randomized, open-label, Phase 2 study enrolled patients with type 2 diabetes (hemoglobin A(1c) [A1C] ≤ 10.5%), taking metformin and/or sulfonylurea with GL or NPH insulin once daily. Patients converted to morning insulin administration du...

Presentation K.A. is a 62-year-old man with a 42year history of “brittle” type 1 diabetes. When first seen at our office, he complained of erratic and unpredictable blood glucose levels despite adhering to a rigid multiple daily insulin injection protocol. He was taking four insulin injections per day (NPH before breakfast and at bedtime and lispro insulin (Humalog) before each meal) and perfor...

Sandra L. Siedlecki, PhD, RN, CNS AbstrAct Although normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) is a potentially treatable neurological condition, many individuals with NPH will never receive treatment because the diagnosis is missed and the symptoms are attributed to other disorders. Left untreated, NPH causes significant physical and emotional suffering and eventually leads to premature death. It is ...

Approximately 30% to 40% of women with gestational diabetes (GDM) receive insulin therapy, and the multiple daily injection (MDI) regimen a combination basal prandial is generally used, as in cases prepregnancy diabetes. We developed simple (SII) regimen, which one or two injected doses are for mild GDM who require therapy. The present study explored whether not SII effective MDI preventing fet...