to determine the prevalence of pituitary hormone deficiencies after moderate traumatic brain injury (tbi). we conducted a prospective cohort and included 75 patients with moderate tbi with gcs between 9 and 13 who referred to emergency department of shariati hospital, tehran/iran, during 2004-2007. pituitary hormones were assessed 3 and 6 months after injury. in 3rd month post-injury, 39 cases ...

We consider TU-games with restricted cooperation, where the set of feasible coalitions is a distributive lattice, hence generated by a partial order on the set of players. In such a situation, the core may be unbounded, and one has to select a bounded part of the core as a solution concept. The restricted core is obtained by imposing equality constraints in the core for sets belonging to so-cal...

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a physical and metabolic barrier between the brain and the systemic circulation, which functions to protect the brain from circulating drugs, toxins, and xenobiotics. ATP-dependent multidrug transporters such as P-glycoprotein (Pgp; ABCB1), which are found in the apical (luminal) membranes of brain capillary endothelial cells, are thought to play an important ro...

The case is a 2-year-old previously healthy girl with coincidental penetrating eye and brain injury. A metal rod was inserted into the skull through the upper border of the right globe. After admission and diagnostic and surgical approaches, the rod was removed under general anesthesia, and no brain hematoma or ocular and significant periocular injuries were detected. No neurologic and ophthalm...

Objective: Corticosterone treatment in mice impairs mitochondrial function, decreases energy production the brain, and induces depressive-like behaviors. Creatine (Crt) is vital for homeostasis brain. Alpha-lipoic acid (ALA) improves function reduces oxidative stress. The aim was investigating effect of Crt ALA following dexamethasone (Dexa) induced depression model despair. Methods: Female (22...

The brain continues to develop during adolescence, and exposure to exogenous substances such as nicotine can exert long-lasting adaptations during this vulnerable period. In order to fully understand how nicotine affects the adolescent brain it is important to understand normal adolescent brain development. This review summarizes human and animal data on brain development, with emphasis on the ...

Introduction: It has been shown that intelligence as a general mental ability is related to the structure and function of the brain regions. However, the specificity of these regional dependencies to the intelligence scores in the typical and atypical developed individuals needs to be well understood. In this study, we hypothesized that neural correlates of IQ should not have a fixed pattern ra...

Several acoustic experiments show a surprising degree of stability in wave fronts propagating over multi-megameter ranges through the ocean's sound channel despite the presence of random-like, sound-speed fluctuations. Previous works have pointed out the existence of chaos in simplified ray models incorporating structure inspired by the true ocean environment. A "predictability horizon" has bee...

a neurological disorder is any disorder of the nervous system is usually due to cell loss. the ultimate goal of cns therapy is to replace lost cells and tissue. there is no neuroprotective, pharmacological and effective treatment available that restores the injury-induced loss of function. recent studies suggest that identification of adult neural stem/progenitor cells indwelling in the neuroge...