Recent reports have indicated that digital PCR may be useful for the noninvasive detection of fetal aneuploidies by the analysis of cell-free DNA and RNA in maternal plasma or serum. In this review we provide an insight into the underlying technology and its previous application in the determination of the allelic frequencies of oncogenic alterations in cancer specimens. We also provide an indi...

Extraction of Clinical Information from the Non-Invasive Fetal Electrocardiogram Joachim Behar Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Balliol college Michaelmas 2014 Estimation of the fetal heart rate (FHR) has gained interest in the last century; low heart rate variability has been studied to identify intrauterine growth restricted fetuses (prepartum), and abnormal FHR pattern...

FECG (Fetal Electrocardiogram) is weak signal indirect monitored between the electrode that placed upon the mother abdominal the matrix surface, which contains all the forms of jamming signal. How to separate the Fetal from the strong background interference has important value of clinical application, but this is a difficult problem in the signal processing field. Independent Component Analysi...

We show that the stochastic Morris-Lecar neuron, in a neighborhood of its stable point, can be approximated by a two-dimensional Ornstein-Uhlenbeck (OU) modulation of a constant circular motion. The associated radial OU process is an example of a leaky integrate-and-fire (LIF) model prior to firing. A new model constructed from a radial OU process together with a simple firing mechanism based o...

mostly trisomy 21, relies exclusively on biochemical and sonographic measurements performed in the first and second trimesters. With a 3-5% false-positive rate, first-trimester screening achieves a detection rate of about 60-95% for trisomy 21 [1-3]. In 1997, Lo et al. [4] first demonstrated the presence Noninvasive prenatal test for fetal chromosomal aneuploidies by massively parallel sequenci...

Key content Fetal anaemia can be caused by alloimmune or infectious red cell destruction, disorders of fetal production, haemorrhage and as a complication monochorionic multifetal pregnancy. A fetus at risk from maternal alloimmunisation detected serum screening for antibodies ultrasonography. Undiagnosed cases may present in routine obstetric practice, so awareness the identification initial m...

National guidelines recommend that all pregnant women be offered screening for fetal chromosomal abnormalities, the majority of which are aneuploidies (an abnormal number of chromosomes). The trisomy syndromes are aneuploidies involving 3 copies of 1 chromosome. Trisomies 21 (T21), 18 (T18), and 13 (T13) are the most common forms of fetal aneuploidy that survive to birth. Noninvasive prenatal s...

variations in detection sensitivity and quantification of fetal DNA concentrations were noted among laboratories very familiar with real-time PCR technology (21). Further studies will be needed to clarify this issue in addition to the continued exploration of other strategies for the investigation of complex fetal genetic traits by analysis of maternal plasma. These strategies may include the e...