We evaluated lymph node aspiration (LNA) as a simple diagnostic procedure for visceral leishmaniasis (VL). Lymph node aspiration was compared with the direct agglutination test (DAT) using a diagnostic titer > or = 1:6,400 in 7,880 suspected VL patients in eastern Sudan. Compared with DAT, LNA had a sensitivity of 65.1% (95% confidence interval = 63.5-66.6%). Parasite density in LNA correlated ...

For most applications in wireless sensor networks (WSNs), it is often assumed that the deployment of sensor nodes is unmanaged and random, so the density of local node may vary throughout the network. In high density areas, nodes consume more energy due to frequent packet collisions and retransmissions. One of the ways to alleviate this problem is to adjust the transmission power of each sensor...

As a branch of topology control, power control is of great importance to prolong the survival time of the network. A transmission power control algorithm is proposed under the minimum connected average node degree constraint in this paper. Using a Poisson point process in two dimensions, we derive an analytical expression that determines the required transmission range to achieve a specified co...

We derive percolation results in the continuum plane that lead to what appears to be a general tendency of many stochastic network models. Namely, when the selection mechanism according to which nodes are connected to each other, is sufficiently spread out, then a lower density of nodes, or on average fewer connections per node, are sufficient to obtain an unbounded connected component. We look...

We discuss one parameter families of unimodal maps, with negative Schwarzian derivative, unfolding a saddle-node bifurcation. It was previously shown that for a parameter set of positive Lebesgue density at the bifurcation, the maps possess attracting periodic orbits of high period. We show that there is also a parameter set of positive density at the bifurcation, for which the maps exhibit abs...

In this paper, we solve a long standing open problem by presenting two versions of the well-known random waypoint mobility model in bounded regions generating a uniform steadystate node spatial distribution. In the first version, named temporal-RWP, we exploit the temporal dimension of node mobility and achieve uniformity by continuously changing the speed of a mobile node as a function of its ...

One of the key challenges in geographic routing is how to deal with dead-ends, where greedy routing fails to find a neighbor node which is closer to the destination. Most existing geographic routing algorithms just switch to the deterministic face routing or limits its face searching range. In this paper, we demonstrate that we can improve routing performance by considering local connectivity s...

background : sentinel lymph node biopsy is a technique used to identify the axillary node most likely to contain tumor cells that have metastasized from a primary carcinoma of the breast. this technique provides accurate staging with fewer complications than axillary dissection and may result in decreased costs. we designed the present study to determine the accuracy and success rate of a combi...

Broadcasting is a major communication primitive required by many applications and protocols in Mobile Ad Hoc Networks (MANETs). It is frequently deployed for content distribution, service discovery or advertisement, and sensor data dissemination. Broadcast protocols are also a fundamental building block to realize principal middleware functionalities such as replication, group management and co...