BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Increased free radical formation contributes to the damage caused to the brain by acute ischemia. NXY-059 is a nitrone-based free radical trapping agent in development for acute stroke. NXY-059 has neuroprotective efficacy when given 5 hours after onset of transient focal ischemia in the rat. METHODS This was a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel grou...

A theoretical study based on (U)M06-2X/cc-pVTZ calculations has been used to investigate the [3 + 3] thermal dimerization of nitrones to 1,4,2,5-dioxadiazinanes in both the gas phase and in dichloromethane solution. Calculations suggest that dimerization of nitrones takes place through a concerted mechanism involving a formal disallowed [4π + 4π] cycloaddition with a free energy barrier of 30.8...

Oxidative stress has recently been suggested to be a mediator of apoptotic cell death [Buttke and Sandstrom (1994) Immunology Today 15, 7-10], although evidence that this phenomenon is a widespread component of apoptosis is lacking. When rat thymocytes were exposed to the glucocorticoid methylprednisolone (MPS), a progressive increase in intracellular peroxides and a decrease in glutathione (GS...

Ischemic stroke is the leading cause of disability and second death worldwide. However, current therapeutic strategies are scarce limited efficacy. The abundance information available on molecular pathophysiology ischemic has sparked considerable interest in developing new neuroprotective agents that can target different events cascade may be used combination with existing treatments. In this r...

N-Oxidation of 1,4-dihydro-2,6-dimethyl-1- phenyliminopyridine (7) with several peracids was attempted. The main compound obtained was l-phenyl- 2,6-dimethyl-4-pyridone (8), instead of the expected N-oxide (2). The reaction of phenylhydroxylamine with dimthylrnethoxypyroxonium perchlorate, however, successfully gave the N-oxide (3), which belongs to a class of nitrones in which the diazomet...