The ambient air quality standard established in 1973 is 0.03 ppm annual average for sulfur dioxide and 0.075 mg/m3 for particulates. It is now generally believed that the toxicity of sulfur oxides in ambient air is significantly influenced by the coincident presence of particulates. Inhalation of 1 ppm of sulfur dioxide for 2 hr may produce alterations in pulmonary ventilatory function, both in...

Highly efficient and selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide represents one of the biggest scientific challenges in artificial photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide and water are converted into chemical fuels from solar energy. However, our fundamental understanding of the reaction is still limited and we do not have the capability to design an outstanding catalyst with great activ...

Experiments were performed to investigate the effects of sulfur dioxide (O-10 ppm) and chlorine (O-15 ppm) on ozone and nitric oxide concentrations in irradiated mixtures of nitrogen dioxide (1-5 ppm) and air. The mixtures were irradiated by ultraviolet fluorescent lamps while flowing at a steady speed through a 9 m long, 15.2 cm i.d. Pyrex tube. The presence of sulfur dioxide produced no measu...

Electroreduction of carbon dioxide into higher-energy liquid fuels and chemicals is a promising but challenging renewable energy conversion technology. Among the electrocatalysts screened so far for carbon dioxide reduction, which includes metals, alloys, organometallics, layered materials and carbon nanostructures, only copper exhibits selectivity towards formation of hydrocarbons and multi-ca...

The mass spectrometric analysis of the impact of sulfur dioxide and dust emission on carbon and oxygen stable isotopic compositions of glucose hydrolysed from α-cellulose samples extracted from Scots pine growing in the vicinity of "Huta Katowice" steelworks was the main aim of this study. The annual rings covered the time span from 1975 to 2012 AD. The relationships between climatic conditions...

The present work was targeted to design a surface against cell seeding and adhering of bacteria, Bacillus subtilis. A multi-walled carbon nanotube/titanium dioxide nano-power was produced via simple mixing of carbon nanotube and titanium dioxide nanoparticles during the sol-gel process followed by heat treatment. Successfully, quercetin was immobilized on the nanocomposite via physical adsorpti...

It is a familiar thesis that if the diffusing apparatus of the lung permits 95 per cent saturation of the blood with oxygen, substantial equilibrium between the carbon dioxide pressures on opposite sides of the alveolar membrane will be attained. The principal supporting argument is the fact that carbon dioxide diffuses 20 to 30 times as rapidly as oxygen. It is assumed that the transfer of eac...

In animals metabolic processes, involve complex organic molecules being broken down to simpler molecules, such as carbon dioxide and water. Carbon dioxide waste is removed from the body through respiration. Carbon dioxide content in fresh air is approximately 400 parts per million. In this study, we investigate the relationship between ventilation efficiency and carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrati...

backgrounds and objectives: photocatalyst titanium dioxide nanoparticles can oxidize organic and inorganic compounds of microorganisms in aqueous solutions after exposure to uv light. in the present study, the inhibitory effect of titanium dioxide and its photocatalyst type on aspergillus flavus , escherichia coli and staphylococcus aureus is investigated.   materials and methods: toxicogenic s...

titanium dioxide is widely used in the manufacturing of paints, varnishes, lacquer, paper, paperboard, printing inks, rubber, floor covering, and ceramics and so on. white titanium dioxide pigment has been produced by two main processes. the sulfate and the chloride processes. each of these two routes requires different feedstocks. however, economic and environmental pressures are shifting the ...